106 GABLE, F. 1989. "Contemporary Climate Change and Its Related Effects 

 on Global Shorelines," American Society of Civil Engineers, Proceedings of 

 Coastal Zone '89 . Vol 2, pp 1370. 



With a possibly large amount of sea- level rise resulting from projectee 

 greenhouse-related climatic warming, many coastal areas of the world may 

 suffer increasing adverse effects. This paper identifies some of these areas, 

 tropical Africa, Pacific Islands, and Republic of Maldives, reportedly 

 experiencing erosion, perhaps due to a local rise in sea-level. (Modified 

 Introduction) . 



107 GALVIN, C. 1983. "Sea-Level Rise and Shoreline Recession," Proceedings 

 of the Third Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management . American Society of 

 Civil Engineers, pp 2684-2705. 



The theory of shoreline displacement due to sea- level change predicts 

 that shoreline displacement equals the flatness of the slope multiplied by the 

 sea-level change. This prediction is tested against three pairs of localities 

 on the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast where the rate of sea- level rise is more than 

 three times the global average. The width of the back bays is used as a mea- 

 sure of slope flatness. In all three test cases, the relative magnitude of 

 shore erosion is opposite that which is predicted by the theory. In fact, in 

 two of the three cases, the localities where theory predicts greater erosion 

 actually show accretion. Analysis of the flux of sediment eroded by sea-level 

 change under mid-Atlantic conditions indicates that it is less than half of 

 one percent of the typical flux due to average longshore transport. The 

 author concluded that sea-level change has negligible effect on shore erosion, 

 compared to fluctuations in longshore transport rate. (Modified Abstract). 



108 GARRETT, C., and TOULANY, B. 1982. "Sea-Level Variability Due to 

 Meteorological Forcing in the Northeast Gulf of St. Lawrence," Journal of 

 Geophysical Research . Vol 87, No. C3, pp 1968-1978. 



In an attempt to understand the causes of low frequency flow through the 

 Strait of Belle Isle, we relate sea-level data from four stations in the 

 northeast Gulf of St. Lawrence to meteorological forcing. Our main tool is a 

 multiple regression, at each frequency, of sea-level on local atmospheric 

 pressure and two orthogonal large scale pressure gradients which represent 

 geostrophic winds. The results show an inverted barometer response to atmos- 

 pheric pressure and a frequency- dependent response to wind which can be tenta- 

 tively interpreted in terms of coastal setup due to wind driven longshore 

 currents, or barotropic setup of semi-enclosed regions (such as the northeast 

 Gulf or the whole Gulf) . A simple model for barotropic flow through the 

 Strait is developed in order to provide an estimate, from data at the western 

 end of the Strait, of sea-level changes on the Labrador shelf. (Authors). 



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