109 GIBBS, M. J., KENNEY, M. , and MARTIN, C. E. 1983. "Economic Impacts of 

 Sea-Level Rise," Proceedings of Coastal Zone '83 . Vol III, pp 2754-2767. 



This paper reports preliminary results of an ongoing investigation of 

 the potential economic impacts of rising sea- level. Methods for estimating 

 economic impacts and the value of having improved estimates of potential sea- 

 level rise are summarized. Preliminary estimates are reported for the 

 Galveston, Texas study area which indicate that the impacts of sea- level rise 

 may be considerable. Under the high scenario, mean sea level is anticipated 

 to rise by about 2 . 2 f t (66 cm) by 2025 and 7.75 ft (240 cm) by 2075. This 

 rate of rise is about 1.75 ft (52 cm) and 6.75 ft (210 cm) greater than the 

 historical trend rate of rise expected for 2025 and 2075, respectively. 

 (Modified Abstract) . 



110 GIESE, G. S., AUBREY, D. G., and ZEEB , P. 1987. "Passive Retreat of 

 Massachusetts Coastal Upland Due to Relative Sea-Level Rise," Massachusetts 

 Coastal Submergence Program, Report No. 300-5-87-815491, Massachusetts Coastal 

 Zone Management, Boston, Massachusetts. 



This study was designed to quantify the passive retreat of upland within 

 the coastal communities of Massachusetts due to relative sea-level rise. The 

 losses that presently occur annually, and those that will occur by the year 

 2025 given three specified projections of future relative sea-level rise, are 

 presented for each community. Also presented are data that provide the means 

 for predicting the rates and cumulative amounts of land area losses due to 

 passive retreat that these communities will suffer in the future given any 

 specified future relative sea- level rise or tidal range change scenario. 

 Finally, color-coded maps are presented for the harbors of Hyannis , Westport 

 and Gloucester that display the areas that would be lost by the year 2100 

 given any one of four different sea-level rise scenarios. An appendix 

 contains tables, graphs and figures that present the results of the study. A 

 detailed description of the data analysis methodology also is included in the 

 appendix. (Modified Introduction). 



Ill GIRESSE, P., MALOUNGUILA-N'GANGA, D., BARUSSEAU, J-P. 1986. 

 "Submarine Evidence of the Successive Shorefaces of the Holocene Transgression 

 Off Southern Gabon and Congo," Journal of Coastal Research . Special Issue 

 No. 1, pp 61-71. 



At the beginning of the Holocene, the inner parts of the Congo shelf 

 were covered by clear and relatively warm waters. A fauna and microfauna with 

 a reefal tendency had developed in this environment (12,000 BP) resulting in 

 deposits with the highest carbonate content of the shelf. The Holocene trans- 

 gression has allowed the filling of morphostructural depressions of the inner 

 shelf; the sedimentation rate was very fast (2 to 3 m/1,000 years) when the 

 sea-level reached the site, then was moderated (7 to 30 m/1,000 years) by the 

 end of the transgression. 



Dating of mangrove peats allows us to show several successive phases of 

 the Holocene transgression: hesitation before 12,000 BP, a rapid increase 



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