beach with a 15.2-m berm width were investigated. Appropriate designs and 

 costs for upgrading the seawall to survive the two scenarios are presented. 

 Finally, the impact of no future protective works being implemented was inves- 

 tigated. (Author). 



182 KYPER, T. N., and SORENSEN, R. M. 1985. "The Impact of Selected Sea- 

 Level Rise Scenarios on the Beach and Coastal Structures at Sea Bright, N.J.," 

 Proceedings of Coastal Zone '85 . Fourth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean 

 Management, pp 2645-2661. 



The physical impacts of selected sea-level rise scenarios on the shore- 

 line of Sea Bright, New Jersey, are investigated. The sea-level rise scenar- 

 ios used were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

 Increases in shoreline recession and coastal flooding that would occur as sea- 

 level rises are predicted. Using the recession predictions, the quantity of 

 sand necessary to maintain a design beach with a specified berm width is 

 estimated. Future seawall stability and design requirements for upgrading the 

 existing seawall to survive the two scenarios are investigated. Finally, the 

 impact of no future coastal engineering works being implemented at the site is 

 discussed. This paper is a summary of portions of a thesis 

 written by Kyper (1984). (Authors). 



183 LACIS, A., HANSEN, J., LEE, P., MITCHELL, T., and LEBEDEFF, S. 1981. 

 "Greenhouse Effect of Trace Gases, 1970-1980," Geophysical Research Letters . 

 Vol 8, No. 10, pp 1035-1038. 



Increased abundances were measured for several trace atmospheric gases 

 in the decade 1970-1980. The equilibrium greenhouse warming for the measured 

 increments of CH4, chlorof luorcarbons and NjO is between 50% and 100% of the 

 equilibrium warming for the measured increase of atmospheric CO2 during the 

 same 10 years. The combined warming of CO, and trace gases should exceed 

 natural global temperature variability in the 1980 's and cause the global 

 mean temperature to rise above the maximum of the late 1930's. (Authors). 



184 LAMBECK, K., and NAKIBOGLU. 1984. "Recent Global Changes in Sea- 

 Level," Geophysical Research Letters . Vol 11, No. 10, pp 959-961. 



Tide gage records indicate that a global rise in sealevel has occurred 

 over the past 80 years at a rate of about 1 . 5 mm year ' . Because of the poor 

 geographical distribution of the tide gages, this rise may be partly a con- 

 sequence of a redistribution of water in the oceans without there being an 

 increase in volume of the oceans. A principal contribution to this redistri- 

 bution arises from the ongoing rebound of the crust to the melting of the 

 Pleistocene ice sheets, a contribution that is of global significance even far 

 from the limits of the original ice sheets. Model calculations indicate that 

 this contribution may explain between 30 and 50% of the published estimates of 

 the secular rise in sealevel. (Authors). 



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