209 MEADE, R. H., and EMERY, K. 0. 1971. "Sea-Level As Affected By River 

 Runoff, Eastern United States," Science . Vol 173, pp 425-428. 



Variation in annual river inflow account for 7 to 21 percent of the 

 total variation in average annual sea- level along the Atlantic and Gulf of 

 Mexico coasts of the United States. This compares with 29 to 68 percent of 

 the total variation that can be attributed to the secular rise of sea- level 

 and with 10 to 50 percent of the variation that cannot be attributed to either 

 the river inflow or the secular rise. (Authors). 



210 MEHTA, A. J., and CUSHMAN, R. M. 1989. Workshop on Sea-Level Rise and 

 Coastal Processes . DOE/NBB-0086 , U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. 



The possibility in the coming decades of a higher rate of relative sea- 

 level rise globally is now thought to be sufficiently great to warrant serious 

 consideration for its potential implications to civilization. With regard to 

 shoreline response to relative rise as well as the rate of rise, questions 

 emerge almost immediately about how the open coast and estuarine shorelines 

 would change. Since, for example, a significant portion of the U.S. 

 coastline is composed of loose materials including sand and muddy sediment, it 

 is evident that simple inundation models based on existing terrestrial 

 topography would be far from adequate in predicting shoreline configurations 

 for any given sea-level rise scenario. Consequently, it becomes essential to 

 examine the state-of-the-art technology to accomplish the task of prediction 

 to a meaningful level of accuracy. 



In this report, the effects of potential sea-level rise on the shoreline 

 and shore environment were briefly examined by considering the interactions 

 between sea-level rise and coastal processes. These interactions were 

 reviewed, beginning with a discussion of the need to reanalyze previous 

 estimates of eustatic sea-level rise and compaction effects in water level 

 measurement. This was followed by considerations on coastal and estuarine 

 tidal ranges, storm surge and water level response, and marine interaction 

 with natural and constructed coastal features. The desirability to reexamine 

 the well-known Bruun rule for calculating shoreline recession due to the 

 likelihood of significant cross-shelf sediment transport was recognized. The 

 mechanics of salt penetration in groundwater and surface water was reviewed, 

 followed by effects of sedimentary processes in the estuaries including 

 wetland response, particularly in the fine-grained environment. Finally, 

 comments were included on some probable effects of sea- level rise on coastal 

 ecosystems, since response in this case is unquestionably contingent upon 

 hydrodynamic and sedimentary forcing. (Modified Summary). 



211 MEHTA, A. J., DEAN, R. G., DALLY, W. R., and MONTAGUE, C. L. 1987. 

 "Some Considerations on Coastal Processes Relevant to Sea-Level Rise," 

 UFL/COEL- 87/012 , Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Department, University 

 of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 187 pp. 



The effects of potential sea- level rise on the shoreline and shore 

 environment have been briefly examined by considering the interactions between 

 sea- level rise and relevant coastal processes. These interactions have been 

 reviewed beginning with a discussion of the need to reanalyze previous 



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