238 NARDIN, T. R., OSBORNE, R. H., BOTTJER, D. J., and SCHEIDEMANN. 

 R.C., JR. 1981. "Holocene Sea-Level Curves for Santa Monica Shelf, 

 California Continental Borderland," Science . Vol 213, pp 331-333. 



A curve is constructed showing changes in sea-level at the Santa Monica 

 shelf over the past 18,000 year. The curve is based on radiocarbon dates, 

 sedimentologic data, and high-resolution seismic stratigraphic analysis of 

 late Quaternary terrace deposits. Sea-level was 117 m below its present 

 position about 18,000 year ago. During the first 8000 years of the Flandrian 

 transgression, sea-level rose to at least 24 m, fell to about 46 m, and then 

 rose to 20 m, all below present sea-level. Subsequently sea-level rose more 

 slowly and without discernible interruption to its present position. 

 (Authors) . 



239 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. 1982. "Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A 

 Second Assessment," National Academy Press, Washington, DC, pp 72. 



For over a century, concern has been expressed that increases in 

 atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO,) concentration could affect global climate by 

 changing the heat balance of the atmosphere and Earth. Observations reveal 

 steadily increasing concentrations of CO2 and experiments with numerical 

 climate models indicate that continued increase would eventually produce 

 significant climatic change. Comprehensive assessment of the issue will 

 require projection of future CO3 emissions and study of the disposition of 

 this excess carbon in the atmosphere, ocean, and biota; the effect on climate; 

 and the implications for human welfare. This study focuses on one aspect, 

 estimation of the effect on climate of assumed future increases in atmospheric 

 COj. Conclusions are drawn principally from present-day numerical models of 

 the climate system. To address the significant role of the oceans, the study 

 also makes use of observations of the distributions of anthropogenic tracers 

 other than CO,. The rapid scientific developments in these areas suggest that 

 periodic reassessments will be warranted. 



The starting point for the study was a similar 1979 review by a Climate 

 Research Board panel chaired by the late Jule G. Charney. The present study 

 has not found any new results that necessitate substantial revision of the 

 conclusions of the Charney report. (Authors). 



240 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. 1983. Changing Climate, Report of the 

 Carbon Dioxide Assessment Committee . National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 

 pp 496. 



The National Research Council, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate 

 and Commission on Physical Sciences Mathematics and Resources, addressed the 

 following issues on carbon dioxide (CO,) : 



- A comprehensive assessment of CO, release and impacts of COj increase; 



- Development of an international research and assessment program and 

 definition of the U.S. role; 



108 



