245 NEWMAN, W. S., and MARCH, S. 1968. "Littoral of the Northeastern 

 United States: Late Quaternary Warping," Science . Vol 160, pp 1110-1112. 



Isobases constructed from recently published data are strongly parallel 

 to both the edge of the continental shelf off the northeastern United States 

 and the Fall Zone. Our analyses suggest that the downwarping recorded by 

 these isobases may be explained by Daly's hypothesis of a collapsing peri- 

 pheral or marginal "bulge." (Authors). 



246 NEWMAN, W. S., and RUSNAK, G. A. 1965. "Holocene Submergence of the 

 Eastern Shore of Virginia," Science . Vol 148k, pp 1464-1466. 



Radiocarbon ages of basal peats 4500 years old or younger and the thick- 

 ness of salt-marsh peat in the lagoon east of Wachapreague , Virginia, are 

 nearly the same as those of equivalent samples from New Jersey and Cape Cod. 

 This suggests that these coasts have had similar submergence histories. Data 

 obtained from the coasts of Connecticut and northeastern Massachusetts 

 indicate that the Atlantic coast of the United States has been differentially 

 warped during the late Holocene. (Authors). 



247 NUMMEDAL, D. 1983. "Rates and Frequencies of Sea-Level Changes: A 

 Review With an Application to Predict Sea-Levels in Louisiana," Transactions : 

 Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies . Vol 33, pp 361-366. 



The relative elevation of sea and land has been changing throughout time 

 in response to two fundamentally different groups of factors operating 

 globally and locally. (1) Global factors include changes in the volume of the 

 ocean basins due to variable sea floor spreading rates, oceanic sedimentation, 

 continental accretion, and the opening and closing of marginal seas. Further- 

 more, the mass of oceanic water has changed in response to glaciations, and 

 the specific volume of the water is temperature dependent. (2) Local factors 

 influencing relative sea- level at any measurement station include subsidence 

 of continental margins, fault displacements, compaction due to dewatering of 

 sediments, and a range of atmospheric factors. 



This review has identified nine groups of factors which control relative 

 sea- level. These factors operate at distinctly different time scales ranging 

 from 10* years (sea floor spreading) to hours (storms) . These same groups of 

 factors also have characteristic rates of sea- level change, ranging from 

 5 X 10" cm/year for sea floor spreading to 30 cm/year for seasonal effects 

 due to continental run- off and steric expansion of seawater. 



As one application of the data in this review an attempt has been made 

 to predict the trend of relative sea- level along the coast of Louisiana for 

 the coming decades. Currently, the global (eustatic) sea-level appears to be 

 rising at a rate of 1.2 mm per year. The local rate of land surface sinking 

 along the central Louisiana coast appears to be about 9 mm per year. 



Based on linear extrapolation of current trends one would predict that 

 local sea-level on the Louisiana coast in the year 2020 would stand about 

 40 cm higher than the present. 



Ill 



