type 1 sequences, fluvial deposits occur as linear, incised-valley fill during 

 the time of lowstand wedge and transgressive deposition. Fluvial deposits 

 also may occur during highstand deposition as more widespread floodplain 

 deposits within the late highstand systems tract. Fluvial deposits in type 2 

 sequences are usually limited to widespread floodplain deposits occurring 

 within the late highstand systems tract. (Authors). 



278 PUNNING, Ya . M. 1987. "Holocene Eustatic Oscillations of the Baltic 

 Sea-Level," Journal of Coastal Research . Vol 3, No. 4, pp 505-513. 



Geochronological , biostratigraphic and geomorphological researches have 

 been used to refine the Holocene northern Baltic territories of the USSR. The 

 Baltic Sea coast over this epoch has been characterized by neotectonic 

 movements, so that without knowledge of relationships between vertical 

 movement rates of crustal motion and eustatic oscillations it is difficult to 

 conduct interregional correlations. To determine the eustatic curve for the 

 Baltic the author assumed the rate of long-term (inherited) vertical movements 

 in the past 10,000 years to be constant, and on this basis glacioisostatic 

 uplift gradients. In the early and middle Holocene time there are four 

 transgressive/ regressive cycles (9,700-9,000, 9,000-7,900, 7,900-6,700, and 

 6,700-5,600 '"C year BP) have been identified which can be correlated with the 

 Yoldia, Ancylus and two Littorina stages. The height of the Ancylus and two 

 Littorina stages. The height of the Ancylus Lake level was nearly 16 m above 

 the world ocean level. The proposed eustatic curve for the Baltic is used to 

 make interregional correlations. (Author). 



279 QUINLAN, G., and BEAUMONT, C. 1981. "A Comparison of Observed and 

 Theoretical Postglacial Relative Sea-Level in Atlantic Canada," Canadian 

 Journal of Earth Sciences . Vol 18, pp 1146-1163. 



Two extreme models of late Wisconsinan ice cover in Atlantic Canada and 

 the northeastern U.S.A. are shown to produce postglacial relative sea-level 

 curves that bracket existing field observations at six sites throughout the 

 region. This suggest that the true late Wisconsinan ice distribution is prob- 

 ably intermediate to the two contrasting reconstructions proposed. Both ice 

 models predict the existence of four relative sea- level zones: an innermost 

 zone closest to the center of glaciation in which relative sea-level falls 

 continuously throughout postglacial time; an outermost zone in which it rises 

 continuously; and two transitional zones in which it first falls and then 

 rises in varying proportions according to the distance from the ice margin. 

 The distinctive forms of the relative sea- level curves are probably represen- 

 tative of each of the zones and are unlikely to be significantly perturbed 

 even by large local ice readvances . They, therefore, establish patterns with 

 which future field data are expected to conform. The form that the geological 

 record of relative sea- level change is likely to take within each zone is 

 discussed and promising settings for the collection of new data are proposed. 

 The common practice of separating relative sea-level into an isostatic and a 

 eustatic component is analyzed and shown to be incorrect as usually applied. 

 The practice is also shown to be unnecessary because the models discussed in 



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