has been formulated and shows that if ocean bottom water temperature were to 

 change rapidly by 14 C, as it may have during the Tertiary, sea- level would 

 change by 8 m in 8 million years, and 17 m in 40 million years. This result 

 is in agreement with the one-dimensional error function solution for a heating 

 or cooling half space. However, the changes in lateral heat flow between 

 ocean water and the continental slope, and between oceanic and continental 

 lithosphere, can produce epeirogenic motions of the continental margins (and 

 thus may represent a climatic control on epeirogenic processes). Thus, the 

 affected margins should not be used as a reference frame against which to 

 measure the magnitude of sea- level change produced by this mechanism. While 

 this mechanism of water temperature- induced change in lithospheric thermal 

 structure produces effects with magnitudes which are less than those of ice 

 volume changes, the effects of the mechanism are relatively simple to 

 calculate and should be included when consideration is made of eustatic sea- 

 level changes in the past. (Author). 



306 SALWEN, B. 1952. "Sea-Levels and Archaeology in the Long Island Sound 

 Area," American Antiquity . Vol 28, No. 1, pp 46-55. 



Two coastal sites on Long Island, the Stony Brook site and the Baxter 

 site, are examined in the light of Fairbridge's data on sea- level fluctuations 

 during the last 7000 years. In each case, the coastline at the time of 

 occupation is reconstructed, and inferences are made about the ecological 

 setting. Archaeological data pertaining to subsistence pattern are then 

 reviewed in the light of the probable local environment at the time of 

 occupation. Orient culture occupations at both sites date from about 2900 

 B.P., when sea-level is believed to have been about 10 ft below the present 

 level. The Orient component midden at Stony Brook contains more oyster shell 

 than any other species of mollusk, while that at the Baxter site contains a 

 large percentage of clam shell than any other species of mollusk, while that 

 at the Baxter site contains a large percentage of clam shell and almost no 

 oyster. This difference cannot be explained on cultural grounds, but can be 

 shown to reflect local environmental factors existing under conditions of 

 lowered sea- level. The midden contents at other times of occupation are found 

 to be consistent with the corresponding sea-levels. (Modified Abstract). 



307 SARG, J. F. 1988. "Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy," Wilgus, C.K., 

 Hastings, B.S., Kendall, C.G., Posamentier, H.W., Ross, C.A., and Van Wagoner, 

 J.C., eds . , Sea-Level Changes: An Integrated Approach . Special Publication 

 No. 42, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK, 

 pp 155-182. 



The major controls on changes in carbonate productivity, as well as 

 platform or bank growth and the resultant facies distribution, are interpreted 

 here to be short-term eustatic changes superimposed on longer term tectonic 

 changes (i.e., relative changes in sea-level). Carbonate platforms associated 

 with sea- level highstands are characterized by relatively thick aggradational- 

 to-progradational geometry. They are bounded below by the top of a 

 transgressive unit and above by a sequence boundary. Two types of highstand 



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