353 VEEH, H. H. 1966. "Th=»/U'-"' and U"VU"« Ages of Pleistocene High Sea- 

 Level Stand," Journal of Geophysical Research . Vol 71, pp 3379-3386. 



Unrecrystallized fossil corals occurring in their growth positions 

 between 2 and 9 ms above sea- level at many locations in the Pacific and Indian 

 oceans have been dated by the Th^^/U^* methods. Where possible, recent corals 

 were also collected and analyzed for their uranium and thorium isotopes. The 

 uranium contents of the corals were determined f luorimetrically ; the U^^/U^^ 

 ratios and the thorium concentrations were ascertained by alpha spectrometry. 

 The Th^/U^« ages of the fossil corals range from 90,000 + 20,000 to 100,000 

 + 40,000 years and the U^/=^« ages from 80,000 ± 50,000 to 180,000 

 + 60,000 years. Absence of Th-^ in the recent corals and absence of Th^'*' in 

 both the recent and the fossil corals confirm the assumption that the Th^* 

 found in the fossil corals resulted solely from radio 



active decay of its parent uranium. Control samples of pre-Pleistocene mate- 

 rial showed radioactive equilibrium between the various members in the IP^ 

 decay chain. Both the internal consistency of the ages, within experimental 

 error, and the agreement between the Th-^/U^* and U-''/U'^* ages, strongly 

 support the general validity of these ages. The similarity of the Th^/U^ 

 ages of Pleistocene coral reefs to those of like elevations above sea- level in 

 many localities suggests a eustatic sea-level stand higher than now at 

 about 120,000 + 20,000 years ago, possibly during an interglacial stage of the 

 Pleistocene. (Author). 



354 VAN DER VEEN. C. J. 1987. "Projecting Future Sea-Level," 1987, Surveys 

 in Geophysics . Vol 9, No. 3-4, pp 389-418. 



As a starting point for the sea- level rise scenario discussed here it is 

 assumed that the globally-averaged increase of surface air temperatures will 

 amount to 2 to 4°C in the second half of the next century (ie around 2085 AD). 

 The projection for future sea- level presented here suggest that by 2085 AD, 

 global sea- level stand will be 28-66 cm higher than the present level, which 

 implies a rate of sea- level rise of about 2 to 4 times that observed during 

 the last 100 year. Our scenario does not include a contribution resulting 

 from the possible collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. (Author) 



355 WALCOTT, R. I. 1972. "Past Sea-Levels, Eustasy and Deformation of the 

 Earth," Quaternary Research , Vol 2, pp 1-14. 



Vertical movements of the earth's surface related to postglacial re- 

 bound, the eustatic rise in sea-level and the elastic deformation of the globe 

 due to melting of late glacial ice sheets are calculated for simplified models 

 of the earth. The movements of the ground are large and require a reevalua- 

 tion of what is meant by eustatic sea- level change. This is defined here as 

 an ocean- wide average change in mean sea- level and its measurement requires 

 widely distributed observations weighted according to the areas of oceans they 

 represent. Evidence of a postglacial (6000-0 years BP) relative rise in sea- 

 level comes largely from regions affected by ground subsidence related to ad- 

 jacent upward postglacial rebound movements in deglaciated areas: evidence 



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