nearly +4 per mil from the early Eocene into the Neogene . The second- and 

 third-order changes in the 5'*0 signal are driven primarily by a combination 

 of glacioeustatic sea- level and ocean paleotemperature changes. These changes 

 are global responses to evolving circulation and climate patterns. Timing of 

 the 6'*0 events is in good agreement with the seismically defined changes in 

 the coastal-onlap curve (Vail and others, 1977). Agreement in the timing of 

 events supports a common mechanism, perhaps that glaciation is apparent 

 throughout much of the record and certainly intensified beginning in the Neo 

 gene. Agreement is not good between the magnitudes of apparent changes in 

 sea-level using the EXXON onlap record and oceanic 6'*0 events. Consideration 

 of the 5'^0, ice volume, and sea- level relationships during the Pleistocene 

 suggests that sinusoidal eustatics, i.e., the rise and fall of sea-level being 

 equal, is not a good assumption at fourth- and fifth-order sea-level events. 

 Although interpretation of the 6'*0 record is not without its assumptions and 

 limitations, it offers an independent geochemical check on seismically defined 

 changes in stratal patterns. (Author). 



366 WINKER, CD., and HOWARD, J.D. "Correlation of Tectonically Deformed 

 Shorelines on the Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain," Geology . Vol 5, pp 123- 

 127. 



The assumption of absolute tectonic stability during Pleistocene time 

 has influenced most previous attempts to map, name, and correlate relict 

 shorelines and surficial deposits on the southern Atlantic coastal plain. 

 This study is the first to correlate shorelines throughout the region 

 independently of that assumption. Topographic shoreline features were mapped 

 and differentiated into age groups on the bases of progradational 

 discontinuities, contrasts in the state of preservation, and changes in 

 coastal morphology. Three shoreline sequences are well preserved, permitting 

 paleogeographic reconstructions. A combination of published and direct 

 geomorphic evidence suggests that all three shoreline sequences have been 

 deformed. Warping continued through Pleistocene time, following persistent 

 Cenozoic structural features. (Authors). 



367 WINOGRAD, I. J., SZABO, B. J., COPLEN, T. B., and RIGGS , A. C. 1988. 



"A 250,000-Year Climatic Record from Great Basin Vein Calcite: Implications 

 for Milankovitch Theory," Science , Vol 243, pp 1275-1280. 



A continuous record of 8 variations in the continental hydrosphere 

 during the middle- to-late Pleistocene has been obtained from a uranium-series 

 dated calcitic vein in the southern Great Basin. the vein was deposited from 

 ground water that moved through Devils Hole-- an open fault zone at Ash 

 Meadows, Nevada- -between 50 and 310 ka (thousand years ago). The 

 configuration of the versus time curve closely resembles the marine and 

 Antarctic ice core (Vostok) curves; however, the U-Th dates indicate that the 

 last interglacial stage (marine oxygen isotope stage 5) began before 147 + 3 

 ka, at least 17,000 years earlier than indicated by the marine record and 

 7,000 years earlier than indicated by the less well dated Antarctic 

 record. This discrepancy and other differences in the timing of key climatic 



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