20 VITRINID^. 



Arioiita (including Chilotrema and Campj^fea), Iberus, Tacliea, 

 Pomatia, Pleurodonta, Thelidomus, Limicolarius, Achatina, 

 Borus. 



Y. Goniognatha : Jaw composed of several pieces, joined 

 together in oblique lines. Pseudostrombus [= Liguus], 

 Orthalicus. 



Family VITRINIDJE. 



Animal with or without mucous caudal pore, tail often 

 obliquely truncate ; mantle-margin sometimes more or less pro- 

 duced, or reflexed over the sides, or entirely covering the shell, 

 which the animal is too large to entirely enter. 



Shell usually thin, corneous, transparent, spiral, of few, rapidly 

 enlarging whorls. 



ViTRiNA, Drap., 1801. 



Syn. — Helicolimax, Per., 1821. Cobresia, Hiibner, 1810. 

 Limacina, Hartmann, 1821. Parmacellina, Sandberger. 



Distr. — 93 sp. Universal. Mostly inhabit cold or temperate 

 countries or mountain regions of warm countries. Fossil. 

 Eocene of Europe. 



Shell imperforate, very thin, depressed ; spire short, last whorl 

 large ; aperture large, lunate or rounded, columellar margin 

 slightly inflected, peristome often membranous. 



Animal elongated, too large for complete retraction into the 

 shell ; tail very short ; mantle reflected over the shell-margin, 

 and furnished with a posterior lobe on the right side ; without a 

 caudal mucous pore. Lingual plate with central tooth tricuspid, 

 laterals bicuspid ; marginals acuminated, slim, bicuspid. Occa- 

 sionally animal-feeders, like the slugs. 



They live in moist situations, among loose earth, stones, grass 

 and moss. Thej^ are very lively, crawling constantlj^ about, and 

 when touched will sometimes jump several inches from the 

 ground. 



OLiGOLiMAX, Fischer. Shell small, sculptured, minutely 

 perforate. Mantle not much extended beyond the shell in front. 

 Animal contractile within the shell. V. annularis^ Studer. 

 Europe. 



SEMILIMAX, Stabile, 1859. Animal not able to withdraw 

 entirely within its shell ; shell imperforate. V. diaphana^ Drap. 



PHENACOLiMAX, Stabile, 1859. Animal capable of withdrawing 

 entirely within its shell, and forming a vitreous epiphragm. V. 

 major^ Per. (xcii, 70). Europe. V. fasciata, Soul, (xcii, 71, 72). 

 Philippines, 



GALLANDiA, Bourguignat. (Trochovitrina, von Martens.) Spire 

 conical, last whorl more or less angular, umbilicus perforated. 

 Animal wholly retractile within the shell. V. Lederi, Bottger. 

 3 sp. Caucasus, Turkestan. 



