Heating hy hot Water and Steam combined. ig 



be forgotten, however, that no human power can obtain more 

 than a certain quantity of heat from a certain quantity of fuel. 

 I have upwards of a dozen models by me, with which I 

 made experiments for heating by hot water several years ago, 

 soon after 1 heard of Mr. Scott's house at Sundrido-e Park 

 having been so heated : but I have no pretensions to invention 

 in this mode of heating; I had only the good fortune to be 

 an early purchaser of the Marquis de Chabannes's pamphlet, 

 and to have seen a paper on the subject in the Repository of 

 Arts, of a still earlier date, but to which I cannot now refer. 



I am. Sir, yours, &c. 



George Cottam. 

 Manufactory, Winsley Street, Oxford Street, 

 March 12. 1828. 



Art. VII. An Account of some Hot-houses in Yorkshire, in 

 •which Steam is employed along with Water, for the Purposes 

 of heating. By Mr. Henry Bains, of the York Nursery. 



Sir, 

 Permit me to offer a few hints to such of your readers 

 as are adopting the hot water where steam has already been 

 employed. It is well known that water may be heated or even 

 boiled in much less time by steam than by fire; witness the 

 large dying vessels that are boiled with it in the West Riding 

 of this county. I therefore think that there may be a great 

 saving in fuel, fire-grates, &c., by using steam for heating the 

 water. I have no doubt that a boiler of very small power 

 would be sufficient to boil the water of cast-iron reservoirs of 

 the size proposed by Mr. Whale in a very few minutes. This 

 plan was tried on a small scale by my late master, William 

 Rawson, Esq., Halifax, six years ago. Two small houses, 

 with lights sloping to the ground, intended for forcing figs, 

 were built against the wall of the garden; a green-house 

 stood in the garden, perhaps 15 yards from the wall; a small 

 boiler, which might contain 60 gallons, was set over the fire 

 which heated the green-house; and when the fire was not 

 wanted for this house, a damper turned the heat round the 

 boiler, and through the back shed. A copper pipe was laid 

 under ground, through a case of brick containing sawdust, 

 from the boiler to the first fig house, which contained a cistern 

 made of stone, 6 ft. long, 2 broad, and perhaps 2 deep, which 

 was filled with water to within 2 in. of the top. The steam- 

 pipe entered through the stone coyer of the cistern near one 



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