Practical Instructions for the Tree Rose. 381 



am I to produce, and continue to produce, such animals ? ' It was, pro- 

 bably, ' how is the animal before us bred ? ' The answer, if only the slight- 

 est degree of affinity existed between sire and dam, would be ' in-and-in.' 

 Thus Mr. Bakewell would secure his interest, and promote an independent 

 use of his stock," 



We cannot conceive the idea of a character like Mr. Bakewell " pro- 

 tecting his interests by an evasion," or exercising a mental reservation of 

 any kind, and especially for selfish purposes ; and we must say, we regret 

 exceedingly to find the insinuation made at a time when it cannot be an- 

 swered by Mr. Bakewell or his personal friends. We think it much more 

 likely that he really believed in in-and-in breeding. While we say this, let 

 us not be thought to be its advocates ; we entirely agree with the writer of 

 the biography, that it is a practice against which enlarged and enlightened 

 experience strongly decides. 



In the News of Agriculture and Rural Economy, notice is taken of the 

 Society of Arts having given the silver Ceres medal, for the introduction of 

 the roots of the (Stachys palustris as an esculent vegetable. This (Stachys is 

 a labiate, woolly-leaved, hairy, mint-like plant, found in marshes and in 

 corn fields, with white creeping roots, which, at the close of the summer, 

 become tuberous, and as thick as the little finger. Swine are said to be fond 

 of the roots. 



Various papers on the Corn Laws, the state of the British Farmer, &c., 

 are not in our way, but will be found interesting to those whom they 

 concern. 



Anon. : Practical Instructions for the Formation and Culture of the Tree 

 Rose. London. 12mo, pp. 91, wood-cuts. 5s. 6d. 



This is an exceedingly well got up little book. The author was induced 

 to collect together the results of his own experience, " from the observation 

 of the frequent failure of common gardeners, who usually act from practice 

 alone, and therefore do not always vary their operations as often as the 

 changeableness of the season and the nature of the situation in reality re- 

 quire." He has read every work on the subject, but writes chiefly from his 

 own experience, giving three reasons for entering into competition with 

 practical men ; 1. occupation and amusement ; 2. saving of expense ; and 5. 

 improving the object produced. The amateur operator must provide him- 

 self with the following articles : budding-knife, 5s, ; letters and figures to 

 label, 25s. ; a shoemaker's nipping-punch, 2s. 6d. ; steel plyers and nippers, 

 2s. 6d.; bundle of copper wire, Is.; piece of thin sheet lead, sib. to the 

 foot, Is. 



Procure and plant stocks in November ; age is of less consequence than 

 that they be free from knots. Free-growing roses should be planted on 

 free-growing stocks. The most desirable heights are, 4 ft., 3 ft., 2 ft. 6 in., 2 ft., 

 1 ft. 6 in., and 1 ft. Cut over the stock at an angle of 50°, a quarter of an 

 inch above the bud ; if you cut at a greater distance, so as to produce a 

 more slanting section, the wound will not heal so readily. Cover the wound 

 immediately with loam or grafting clay, thus composed : five eighths black 

 pitch, one eighth resin, one eighth tallow, and one eighth bees' wax ; or 

 one half bees' wax, and one half pitch ; or, 1 lb. white Burgundy pitch, 

 J lb. black pitch, i lb. resin, ^ lb. bees' wax, 2 oz. tallow, 1 oz. pounded 

 mastic, and 1 oz. saltpetre. Warm either of these mixtures in a small 

 pipkin, and leave it to melt for three quarters of an hour ; when melted, 

 and not too hot, dip the extreme point of each stock in it, so as to leave 

 the thickness of two or three sheets of paper of mixture at the end ; but, 

 if your stocks are planted, use a brush. 



When the stocks begin to push in March, rub oif all the buds but two, 

 three, or more, well placed, close to the top, so as to indicate a handsome 



