494? 'Foreign Notices. — Germany. 



that there is no such thing in nature or civilised society, as one nation 

 enriching itself, either exchisively, or at the expense of another, for any 

 length of time. 



On the 26"th, we went from Augsburg to Munich, through a country 

 which may be described as one immense forest of spruce firs ; but conti- 

 nually broken by extensive glades of every variety of form and extent, 

 subjected to cultivation. This tract being comparatively a new country, 

 the farm-houses, instead of being congregated together in villages, are placed 

 on the lands belonging to them. This circumstance has given rise to fences, 

 and begun a new character of country, which will end in a system of fields 

 enclosed by hedges, as in Britain. Indeed, v/ith respect to farms of any 

 extent, the system of enclosed fields, however uncommon on the Continent 

 at present, will ultimately be adopted in France, and all those parts of 

 Germany where the grounds are not covered with snow two months in the 

 year. 



One great object that we had in view in visiting Bavaria was to inform 

 ourselves, by personal inspection, of the state of its agriculture; it having 

 been represented to us, immediately after the publication of our Encyclo- 

 pcedia of Agiimlture, by the Baron Eichtal, of Munich, then in England, 

 that we had given a false view of the agriculture of his country, in repre- 

 senting it as greatly behind that of the surrounding states. Why we did 

 so was entirely owing to want of recent information, and because v/e had 

 never been in Bavaria ourselves. There is no book, either in the English 

 or French language, that gives any account of the agriculture of Bavaria, 

 more recent than that which we have given. We can assert this, with 

 respect to English books at least, v/ith confidence ; and since we have con- 

 versed with different agriculturists at Paris, and especially with the Baron 

 Silvestre, the Chevalier Masclet, and M. Matthieu tie Dombasle at Roville, 

 we are equally confident that no information, as to Bavarian agriculture, has 

 been published since the edition of the Cours complet (TAgrictiltiu'e, which 

 we made use of in composing our Encychpcedia. From the German book- 

 sellers in London, and from the Leipsig catalogue, we could neither hear 

 of, nor find, any German work on the subject; and, since our arrival here, 

 we have ascertained that there is no such work in existence, except some 

 tracts recently published at Munich, and little known out of Bavaria. On 

 referring to English works, it will be found that we have softened, rather 

 than aggravated, what is stated in them, as to the agriculture of Bavaria. 



Our business is now to speak of Bavarian agriculture from personal 

 inspection ; and though v^e have much the greatest part of the country yet 

 to see, and consequently shall not give our final opinion till we have passed 

 through it, }et we have seen and heard enough to convince us that Bavaria, 

 so far from being behind the surrounding German states as to agriculture, 

 is in advance of at least some of them in that art. We believe, also, that 

 she is in advance of all of them in respect to enclosing common lands, 

 which has been practising in Bavaria to a considerable extent for the last 

 twenty years. It is agreed on by those here, whom we consider fully com- 

 petent to judge, that M. Hazzi, some of whose works we have noticed 

 in former Numbers of this Magazine, is the father of modern agricul- 

 ture in Bavaria, as the late M. Sckell was the father of landscape-gar- 

 dening. About thirty years ago, M. Hazzi printed a catechism containing 

 all the best principles and practices of European agriculture, and had 

 influence enough Vvith the government to cause it to be taught in all the 

 schools of the kingdom. Soon afterwards he published his work on en- 

 closing common lands, which is done by consent of the proprietors, as in 

 England, and for which also he procured the countenance and concur- 

 rence of government. About the same time that the Agricultural Catechism 

 was publiihed, a system of what may be called parochial schools was 

 established throughout Bavaria, differing from those of Scotland, in teach- 



