Foreign Notices. ■ — Germany. 495 



ing the children not only to read, write, and count, but to work; and, in 

 order that this might be done more effectually, to each school were attached 

 a garden and a field. The garden and field are given by the parish, a 

 small sum per annum is paid to the schoolmaster by government, and 

 the rest by the parents of the scholars. In 'consequence of these schools, 

 we have been informed, there are few or no children born in Bavaria, 

 since a short time after the French revolution, v/ho cannot read ancl 

 write. M. Hazzi, who has extensive estates, mentioned to us that all his 

 peasants could read and write ; and M. Sckell states the same to be the 

 case with all the under-gardeners and labourers in the different royal 

 gardens. 



M. Hazzi and a few others also established an Agricultural Society, 

 which has risen to considerable eminence and done much good, chiefly 

 through his unremitted exertions and entire devotion to its prosperity. 

 This Society held a Meeting on the 29th instant, at which we were pre- 

 sent, and we found there, among other amateurs and proprietors, the 

 Chevalier Joseph de Baader, Conseiller des mines et Academicien. He 

 is the first civil engineer in this country, was nine or ten years in Eng- 

 land, in the time of Wilkinson, the greo.t iron-master, and is the inventor 

 of the suspension railways, and of several subsequent improvements in 

 railways, which he considers of great importance, and which he intends 

 to make known in England through Mr. Tredgold. Nothing in Munich 

 lias gratified us more than to find that the great merits of Mr. Tred- 

 gold are fully appreciated by M. de Baader, the latter considering the 

 former, and, as we believe, with the greatest truth, as the most scientific, 

 and, in all that relates to science, generally accomplished civil engineer that 

 Britain has yet produced. 



But to return to the Society of Agriculture; it has a library of German 

 and French books on culture, which, from the great number of volumes, as 

 well as from what was told us, we should suppose to be one of the most 

 complete that exists. It has also an extensive museum of models, and 

 another of implements of the full size ; a collection of dried stalks of the 

 different sorts of corn, and of specimens of all the seeds used in the agri- 

 culture of Europe. Besides specimens of seeds, it possesses larger quan- 

 tities of all those sorts considered most useful for Bavaria, which are given 

 away to such cultiva.tors as may ask for them, simply on condition of their 

 rendering an account at the General Meeting, which is held once a year, of 

 the success that has attended their culture. We have much to say respect- 

 ing this Society, which we must reserve for the detailed account of our 

 tour ; but we cannot delay noticing that the prizes given are generally 

 implements, seeds, or books on agriculture. These last are bound with 

 certain insignia, which distinguish them as rewards of merit given by the 

 Society. M. Hazzi mentioned to us, that in this way the Society had 

 distributed all over Bavaria many thousand volumes of the best German 

 works on agriculture and gardening. We have, in fact, never heard of a 

 society which has accomplished so much in so short a time, and with so 

 slender means, the government having afforded them little or no assistance; 

 indeed, we firmly believe that the slenderness of the means is the main 

 cause of the good done; for as no officer of the Society has either emolu- 

 ment or patronage, and as the Society has nothing to give that it would be 

 valuable or flattering to a rich, or great, or vain man to receive, it follows 

 that few or none enter into it who have not either the good of the peasantry 

 of the country at heart, or wish it to be believed that they have. The 

 Society limits its honours and benefits entirely to practical cultivators, or 

 what is called the peasantry of the country. 



There is another agricultural institution here of more recent formation, 

 and specially patronised by the government ; it is under the direction of the 

 intendant of government property, M. Schonleutner, who is assisted by 



