496 'Foreign Notices. — Gei^mani/. 



several professors. The object of this institution is to teach young men 

 the practice and principles of aration, and the inanagement of live stock. 

 The pupils are divided into three classes, who pay different sums per 

 annum. The first class is intended for what would be called in England 

 working bailiffs, the second for stewards or factors, and the third for the 

 sons of wealthy proprietors. There are an extensive farm and spacious 

 courts of farm-buildings, containing a Swiss dairy, supplied by upwards of a 

 hundred cows ; a great inany oxen, horses, and Merino sheep ; a brewery, 

 machinery for cutting straw, extracting sugar from field beet, an experi- 

 mental laboratory for examining soils, lecture room, &c., but of which we 

 must defer the account for the present. There is a Horticultural Society, 

 which has an extensive garden at Frauendorf, at two days' journey from 

 Munich ; it is under the direction of M. Prince, who publishes a Garden 

 Gazette weekly, and the Orchardist'' s Friend monthly. We have as yet 

 only seen the publications. 



We cannot spare time to say much as to the gardens here, though we 

 shall have a great deal to state hereafter. In the practice of landscape- 

 gardening, as we have already observed, the Bavarians are decidedly our 

 masters ; that is, they have carried completely and extensively into execu- 

 tion on the ground what Wheatley, Mason, Price, and, we may be per- 

 mitted to add, after them, ourselves {Obs. on Landscape-Gardening, 1804, 

 &c., to Encyc. of Gard., art. Landscape-Gardening, 1822), have only been 

 able to describe in books. * With respect to gardening as an art of cul- 

 ture, we are convinced that the gardeners here are in advance of us in the 

 art of preserving ornamental plants and culinary vegetables through the 

 winter. For this, however, English gardeners are not at all to be blamed, 

 the happy climate of their country not requiring much exertion in this 

 way. The principal means of preservation made use of are, cellars deeply 

 sunk in the ground, for the preservation of culinary vegetables, which are 

 there planted on shelves of earth ; coverings of straw mats and of thick 

 boards, for pits and frames ; and opaque roofs, and coverings of straw mats, 

 for the front glass of hot-houses of every description. It is astonishing in 

 how few minutes a range of hot-houses, of two or three hundred feet in 

 length, is covered with straw mats, or uncovered. Messrs. Loddiges' im- 

 mense palm-house would not occupy more than ten minutes. We have 

 more than once stated it as our opinion, that these coverings ought to be 

 every where adopted in England. 



* The truth is, in a commercial country like England, where every thing 

 and every body is estimated with reference to wealth, to be able to intro- 

 duce any new system into practical use, it is necessary for the innovator to 

 be wealthy, or supported by some man of wealth. Since 1804, we have 

 given numerous designs for laying out grounds, in which, in the working 

 plans, the plantations were directed to be made in masses of one kind, blend- 

 ing into masses of another kind, as in natural forests, as recommended by Mr. 

 Price, and as practised by M. Sckell ; but, as the execution of these plans 

 has always been more or less left to the routine practice of the gardener or 

 forester, or by some means or other out of our control, the trees, with no 

 marked exception that we can at present recollect, have always been more 

 or less mixed. Sometimes the necessity of nurse trees has been alleged as 

 an excuse for mixture ; but when trees are in masses of one kind, we have 

 shown {^Treatise on Country Residences, 1806) that they nurse one another 

 in a much more effectual and safe manner that when mixed ; but, even if 

 this were denied, surely, where effect is the object, something might be sa- 

 crificed to it. We wish all those of our employers who have rejected this 

 part of our plans, would come here and view the scenery created by M. 

 Sckell ,• they would then see what they have lost. 



