Plan for a Vineyard. 147 



will require about three inches : this space will be gained by 

 the masons while in the act of levelling the rough work of the 

 labourers. The wall should be neatly pointed with good mor- 

 tar; the lime may be made near the spot with the chalk dry 

 from the hill, Having proceeded thus far, cast the turf from 

 I to m into the trenchy/z, and then the earth which was under 

 the turf upon it, till the trench is filled up to the level of 

 the path h g. The first wall and terrace are now finished 

 Make similar inclined planes, trenches, and paths all down the 

 face of the hill, constantly throwing the earth from that part 

 of the hill you are going to work upon to the trench you have 

 just dug out above, and the earth in the first place carried to 

 the foot of the hill will be ready for the last trench. This is 

 supposing the hill affords just earth enough, which, should it 

 be about nine inches thick, will be the case. The whole should 

 be surrounded with a wall, and the end of every second trench 

 would be a good distance for a fruit tree, either pear, peach, 

 plum, cherry, or apple. In this way, the east and west walls 

 may be usefully employed. The boundary wall on the north 

 side might be carried back about twenty feet beyond the top 

 of the first sloping wall, which would give room for a good 

 border for fruit trees, with a full south aspect. The bottom 

 of the hill must likewise be protected by a wall, and about the 

 centre of it would be a good place for a labourer's cottage. 

 Watering would, of course, be occasionally necessary ; there- 

 fore, if no brook can be led to the foot of the hill, a well must 

 be dug, and a path left in the centre of the vineyard, from the 

 bottom to the top of the hill, for the convenience of carrying 

 up the water ; or it might be thrown up by means of an engine, 

 with a rose on the end of the pipe, to prevent the water from 

 going with too much force. 



On these inclined walls the sun being vertical about the 

 20th of August, the greatest portion of heat will be enjoyed 

 by the vines at the time it is most necessary ; for it must be 

 recollected the grapes will be as forward by the third week in 

 August, as they are on the common wall by the same time in 

 September. They will be so, not merely from the greater 

 effect of the solar rays, but from the confinement of the roots, 

 and from the moderate supply of sap the plants will receive in 

 consequence ; for, in a damp season, they will not have more 

 water than is useful, and, in a dry one, it may of course be 

 regulated accordingly as it appears to be requisite. 



As no foundation is wanted for the inclined walls, and as the 

 bricks, except the first and last course, are to be laid flat, the 



L 2 



