as practised at Hylands. 399 



gardener, either British or foreign reed mats, of any descrip- 

 tion, through the regular channels, and at the regular prices. 



The trellis against reed walls should consist of horizontal 

 wires, rods, or laths, when vines, currants, or trees are to be 

 trained vertically; and of vertical wires or rods when trees 

 are to be trained in the fan or in the horizontal manner. The 

 most generally useful description of trellis is that where the 

 rods are vertical, as they are in the reed structures at Hylands. 



The common brick walls at the garden at Hylands are, for 

 the most part, trellised, Mr. Nieman considering the trees 

 less liable to injury from extreme heat, and the fruit likely to 

 be better flavoured, when the branches are kept a few inches 

 from the wall, and the fruit in consequence surrounded by a 

 free circulation of air. 



Grapes and Peaches are also grown at Hylands in the small 

 Dutch houses already described (p. 394. ; and by Mr. Linde- 

 gaard in Hort. Trans.; and in Encyc. of Gard., § 2666.), 

 heated by a bed of dung in front. They are also grown in 

 English houses, ventilated on Mr. Atkinson's plan. (Gard. 

 Mag., vol. ii. p. 201.) The vines are grown, one plant to each 

 rafter, and one shoot from each plant, which is spurred in. 

 When the spurs get too large and unsightly, they are cut off 

 close to the shoot in the manner said to be invented by a 

 Mr. Lawrence, described as practised by Mr. Squib (p. 245.) ; 

 and, after a number of years, the vines are rooted out, but 

 not more than one or two in a season, and replaced by young 

 plants, procured as already described ; or, if of new sorts from a 

 nursery, planted a year or two before those they are to suc- 

 ceed are removed. By this mode of training the vines, there 

 is always a space of a few inches in breadth in the middle of 

 each sash, through which light is freely admitted, and con- 

 sequently strawberries and other plants are grown to greater 

 perfection, and both grapes and strawberries better flavoured. 

 Peaches are grown in the manner common in English gar- 

 dens, both under the glass and against the back wall; but 

 Mr. Nieman has a great objection to peach houses in which 

 the sashes do not take off, that being necessary, according to 

 his experience, and we believe to that of most gardeners, to 

 the proper colouring of the fruit. One vinery for early forcing 

 is fitted up for heating on the hot water system, under the 

 direction of Mr. Atkinson, by our correspondent Mr. Barrow 

 (p. 422.), which Mr. Nieman thinks favourably of, having a great 

 dislike to the use of fire heat in every description of culture. 



On the whole, much may be learned by a British kitchen- 

 gardener, from an inspection of the Dutch practices at Hylands. 



