430 Hematics on the hot Water System. 



application to hot-beds. (Incubation artificielle, p. 167.) His 

 apparatus for hatching chickens by hot water is described, 

 accompanied by an engraving, in Gill's Technological Reposi- 

 tory for February last, and is well worthy the attention of 

 engineers. It appears from a note in the Diet. Tech., that M. 

 Bonnemain is still alive, upwards of 80 years of age, but in 

 such poverty and distress, that government has been petitioned 

 for a pittance to support him during his few remaining days. 



In the Encyclopedic Methodique, and in the Nouveau Cours 

 d' Agricidture, article Incubation, it is stated that M. Chopineau 

 had also hatched chickens by hot water ; but at what period 

 is not mentioned. A pamphlet was published by M. Bonne- 

 main on the subject, in 1816; and from this pamphlet it is 

 stated that some English patents for heating, and for refining 

 sugar, &c, and the different application of the hot water sys- 

 tem, published in a pamphlet, and exhibited in London, by the 

 Comte Chabannes, are taken. (Assainissement, p. 290. note.) 

 It is probable, also, that the circulation of hot water in the 

 conservatory of the Palace of Taurida, mentioned by Storch, 

 in his Description of St. Petcrsburgh, as having been in use in 

 the time of Prince Potemkin (See Encyc. of Gard., § 259.), 

 was effected by some French engineer who had seen the in- 

 vention of M. Bonnemain. 



The pamphlet published by the Comte Chabannes is without 

 date, and not paged, but, as appears from internal evidence, it 

 was written in 1819. The author states that, at his manufactory, 

 No. 121. Drury Lane, " may be seen the new mode of warming 

 by a circulation of hot water;" and also, that Nos. 36. and 37. 

 Burlington Arcade, established as a depot " for the purpose 

 of receiving orders for the manufactory, 121. Drury Lane," are 

 warmed in the same manner. A quarto plate and description 

 is given, clearly illustrating this mode of heating as applied at 

 the depot. In the same pamphlet Comte Chabannes states that 

 " conservatories, hot-houses, and hot-beds have been heated 

 upon this principle with the greatest success ; " probably, al- 

 luding to Sundridge Park [Gard. Mag., p. 189.) ; so that 

 heating hot-houses by hot water is, at least, of ten years' 

 standing in England. That the Comte Chabannes completely 

 understood the subject, appears from the following extract: — 



" There cannot be a more perfect idea of the whole operation of the new 

 patent water calorifere, than by comparing its boiler to the human heart, 

 and the tubes, through which the water passes, to the blood-vessels of the 

 human body. In the water caloriferes, the water is in constant movement, 

 as the blood in the veins ; it goes out of it by an upper tube, as the blood 

 by a valve in the heart. It circulates through the house, ascends or descends 

 at will, and returns into the boiler at the bottom to charge itself again with 



