Transactions of the Prussian Gardening Society. 437 



51. "Description of a horizontal Fruit Espalier, constructed in the 

 Garden of Mr. Wagener, senior, at Treptoto, near Berlin. By Mr. 

 Counsellor Ludolf. 



A horizontal frame of latticework, 4 ft. wide and 48 ft. 

 long, is fixed by posts at the height of 2 ft. from the ground, 

 and peach trees are trained on it in the manner not uncommon 

 in our peach houses, and some years since recommended by 

 M. Noisette in the Bon Jardinier. (Encyc. qfGard., § 1580.) 

 This mode of training is, under certain circumstances, very 

 convenient in forcing-houses, but it has few recommendations 

 for the open air, except its novelty. Those who wish to 

 amuse themselves in this way, will succeed best by placing a 

 low espalier against a bank of earth, facing the south, at an 

 angle with the horizon of 45°. Of course, whether the espa- 

 lier is horizontal or sloping, the trees must be covered every 

 night while in bloom, and when the fruit is ripening, the 

 labour of which alone, we should think, would counterbalance 

 every other advantage. 



52. Abstract of what passed at the Meeting of the Society on the 5th 



of October, 1823. 



Several papers were read and ordered to be printed in the 

 Transactions. Some very luxuriant hundred-leaved stocks 

 (iippig bliihende centifolien-stocJce) ; very large Napoleon pears ; 

 fine double georgianas (dahlias); a gourd weighing 164-lbs., 

 and a turban gourd, were exhibited. 



53. An Experiment on the Application of Heath and Moor Earths 

 to Plants. By the Grand-Ducal Head-Gardener, M. Bosse, of 

 Oldenburg. 



Heath earth is our peat soil, and is found on surfaces abound- 

 ing with common heath, jErica vulgaris : it consists of decayed 

 plants of heath, and fine white sand. Moor earth is our bog 

 earth, and consists of decayed peat : some sorts of it are unfit 

 for the growth of plants ; and the very best sort, which is that 

 found on the surface of peat bogs or moors, requires to be 

 kept in a heap, and frequently turned over, for some years 

 before being used. What is called in Germany dammerde, is 

 the mud of ponds more or less sandy, and used with bog 

 earth in the manner of our loams. Forest earth (walderde) 

 is the surface turf from a wood, well rotted, turned, and mixed: 

 it is also used like our loams, and in it most American plants, 

 and many others usually grown in peat and loam, will thrive 

 freely. A list is given of exotic .plants suitable to each of 

 these earths, and to certain proportions of them. It is observed 



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