State of Plants received in America from Europe. 441 



the bottom of the trunk, and all the branches bent regularly 

 down, and affixed to the hoop {fig. 77.); the 

 consequences will be as before explamed. As 

 several of the uppermost buds on the base of | 

 each branch will probably throw out strong i\ 

 wood shoots, one of them that is placed in the 

 best situation to admit of being bent down to 

 supply the place of the parent branch when 

 worn out, should be selected, and all the rest 

 rubbed off close ; and as the shoot that is left _- 

 Avill grow large and strong, in order that it may 

 be better adapted for bending, it should, as soon as it is 5 in. 

 or 6 in. long, be brought gently down, and 

 affixed to the old branch {fg.lS.a a marking the 

 young shoot tied down). Trained in this man- 

 ner, whenever it may be found necessary to cut 

 out the old branches, these, by a half twist, may 

 be brought down without danger of breaking, 

 and the bend will be less abrupt and unsightly. 

 By the same rules, trees may be trained in the 

 same m.anner, with two or more tiers. {Jig. 79.) 

 It may be observed, that the success of this 

 mode of training, as well as of the others which 

 I have explained, depends upon due attention 

 being paid to the disbudding, or rubbing off 

 useless shoots, in the spring ; and taking due 

 care of those which are intended either to 

 carry on and extend the tree, or to succeed 

 and occupy the place of the old bearers. This 

 mode of training will be found extremely well 

 adapted to apple trees on paradise stocks, 

 pear trees on quince stocks, cherry trees, &c. ; 

 and also to peach trees in pots : and it is a most 

 economical mode, as it requires no stakes. 



I am, Sir, yours, &c. 



J. Hayward. 



Feb. 14. 1830. 



Art. VI. Remarks on the State in ivhich various Plants from 

 European Nurseries ivere received in America. By Jesse B.uel, 

 Esq., C.M.H.S. 



Sir, 

 Having recently received trees, grafts, &c., from several 

 European nurseries and amateurs, I wish to communicate 



