through Part of France and GermoMy. 5 



careoiis subsoil ; the plants chiefly herbaceous dicotyledones, 

 grasses, and the amentaceous trees, as oaks, beeches, birches, 

 &c., and coniferous trees, as pines, firs, and junipers. The 

 artificial character of the domesticated quadrupeds may be 

 considered the same, with some difference in their treatment 

 at Munich, on account of the severity of the winter; the 

 Dutch and Swiss breed of cows, the Flemish and English 

 breed of horses, and the English and Spanish breed of sheep 

 are found over the whole tract, and with proper treatment 

 every where prospering. 



The nature of the agriculture differs not essentially, but to 

 a certain extent in the following points : — in the difference of 

 latitude and of elevation preventing the culture of the vine, in 

 the northerly degree in most places, and at Munich and 



great part of Bavaria in the southern degree: in the open 

 temperate winters of Britain admitting the growth of grass at 

 that season ; in consequence of which a great part of the sur- 

 face is in pasture or meadow, and the country is subdivided 

 into enclosed fields for the convenience of pasturing animals : 

 in the clear warm summers of France and Germany ripening 

 more early the corn crops, so as to admit of a second crop on 

 the same soil, but at the same time burning up the grasses so 

 as to render perpetual pastures rare, a disadvantage, however, 

 which might be more than compensated by the facilities which 

 it affords for destroying root weeds ; and in the severe winters 

 by which annual plants are destroyed, or the surface of the soil 

 covered for two or three months with snow, by which field 

 labours are interrupted, and cattle and sheep obliged to be 

 kept in houses. The actual state of the agriculture of these 

 countries, as compared with Britain, differs considerably, in 

 some places, from defective skill and want of capital in the 

 cultivators ; in others, from the culture being of a different 

 kind, as of vines ; and, in most places, from the great division 

 of property and the prevalence of the spade culture. 



B 3 



