Foreign Notices : — Germany. 69 



signifies that it is well adapted for drying : as Passe-Musqiiee, Passe-Col- 

 mar, &c. 



Pinol. — This name is applied to a variety of grape cominon in Burgundy 

 (our Burgundy and Black Cluster) ; but whether it is the name of the cul- 

 tivator who introduced it there from Auvergne, where it is called Auvernal, 

 or from the conic or pine-like form of its berry, the French writers are not 

 agreed, There is an Italian variety, called Pignolus, and another, Pinoz, 

 both mentioned by Crescentius. 



Labourer, — This word, as used by the ancients, and also, till latel}', by 

 the moderns, is to be considered as synonymous with agriculturist, as well 

 as with farmer and cultivator. The division of labour, and the creation of 

 capital, have given rise to the different kind of labourers, and their names. 

 {Notes to Olivier de Serres.) 



To render Timber inflammable. — Steep it in a solution of alkali or alum. 

 {Cadet-de-Vaux.) 



GERMANY. 



Bavaria. — In our last (Vol. IV. p. 49 1 .\we continued our outline to the 

 oOth of October, whic)i left us at Munich. We afterwards examined all the 

 royal gardens and parks, the Museum of the Agricultural Society, the Agri- 

 cultural Institution at Schleisheim, the churchyard, not the least remarkable 

 feature of Munich, and the estate of Baron Eichthal, who has introduced 

 various improved practices from England, and let a considerable farm to an 

 East Lothian farmer. Baron Eichthal is an enlightened and highly patriotic 

 individual ; and his example, and the precepts and advice of M. Hazzi, will 

 saon spread the best agricultural practices over the whole country. From 

 what Mr. Sawyers, the East Lothian fariner, stated to us, we found, as we 

 expected, that the Bavarians are not at all prejudiced against new practices, 

 merely because they are new ; and that the use of swing-ploughs, turnips 

 on raised drills, and, in short, the whole of the East Lothian and Berwick- 

 shire husbandry, will be much more easily introduced in Bavaria than they 

 could be in the south of England. The reason is plain : the country-labourers 

 of Bavaria are better educated than the country-labourers of England. 



W^e left Munich on Nov. 8.; examined the Botanic Garden at Ratisbon 

 on Nov. 10.; arrived at Nuremberg on the 11th, and examined a number 

 of small gardens and nurseries there, including the garden of Madame Hepp, 

 one of the principal amateurs in Germany as a private individual ; the 

 flower-garden and seed-grounds of M.Falcke, an extensive dealer in seeds, 

 and of M. Campe, a celebrated bookseller. The soil in the neighbourhood 

 of Nuremberg being dry and sandy, has, for many years, supplied various 

 descriptions of garden-seeds for the rest of Germany, and other parts of 

 Europe. Even tuberose roots are grown in that soil for the purposes of 

 commerce, and also the bulbs ofthe common hyacinth, Guernsey, Belladonna, 

 and Jacobsea lily. We were introduced here also to M, Reider, a gardening 

 author, v/ho has produced several esteemed compilations, and is the editor 

 of a botanical magazine, Vv'hich appears monthly, with coloured figures. 



Wurtemberg. — We arrived at Stuttg-ard on Nov. 15., and were beyond 

 measure gratified with the town, the people, and especially the suri'ounding 

 country. We never before saw any country so rich with fruit trees, vine- 

 yards, and gardens, and at the same time so populous, so varied, and pic- 

 turesque. In one of the happiest situations in the midst of this scenery, and 

 on the high bank of the Neckar, is situated the king's country house or 

 palace, Rosenstein, now completing, to which the whole seems the appro- 

 priate garden. We examined and brought away plans and views of several 

 of the other palaces and gardens ; and M. Salucci, the government architect, 

 and M. Bosch, the director-general of gardens, have promised to prepare and 

 send us those of Rosenstein. We examined the agricultural estabhshment 

 at Hochenheim, till lately under the direction of M. Schwertz, all the public 



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