130 Culture of North American Plants. 



receiving plants from North America will seldom err if he 

 plant them in a mixture of fine vegetable mould and sand, 

 and keep them rather dry than too moist; except the Orchideae, 

 the most of which require plenty of moisture. In the follow- 

 ing list, when I mention any plant as growing in rich shady 

 woods, the soil is always such as I have above described, and 

 the subsoil is very frequently sand. Many, even of the Cana- 

 dian plants, will do much better if they have a little protection 

 affoi'ded them during winter. Although the cold is not nearly 

 so intense in Britain as it is in Canada, yet there, from the 

 month of November until the month of May, they are com- 

 pletely sheltered from the severity of the weather by a deep 

 covering of snow, and experience none of those alternate 

 frosts and thaws to which they are subjected in this country. 

 As I have stated the kind of soil in which each plant mentioned 

 in the following list grows, I need add no more in this place, 

 but express a sincere desire that some of these remarks may 

 be useful to those who are anxious to cultivate the beautiful 

 and interesting vegetable productions of North America. The 

 species follow each other in the order of the Linnean system. 

 With best wishes, I am, Sir, &c. 



John Goldie. 

 Monkwood Grove, Dec. 5. 1826. 



Justicia pedunculata — aquatic ; — Island of Montreal. 

 Monarda kalmiana, in rich moist soil, northern part of New York and Penn- 

 sylvania ; scarcely distinct from M. didyma. 



— punctata, in dry sandy fields of New Jersey. 



hirsuta, in moist shady woods, Pennsylvania, near Lake Erie. 



Iris cristata, in dry woods of Ohio. (Fig. 35. a.) 



— tridentata, Island of Anticosti. I had this flower very finely this season. 



— prismatica, in sphagnous swamps of Sphagnum, at Quaker's Bridge, New 



Jersey. 

 Dilatris tinctoria, in swamps near the preceding. 

 Heteranthera graminea, in stagnant water in the town of Montreal. 

 Lechea minor, in dry sandy woods between Queenstown and the Falls of 



Niagara. 

 Swertia deflexa, among the rocky woods at the Bay of Gaspe. 

 Frasera Walteri, in strong clay soil in oak woods, Ohio, near Lake Erie. 

 Mitchella repens, in dry vegetable mould and sand, Halifax and Montreal. 

 Houstonia ccerulea, in moist soil, Halifax. 



1 purpurea, in dry sandy woods, Bay of Quinte, N. C. 



Ilex Canadensis, in dry vegetable mould and sand, Montreal. 

 Batschia Gmelini, in a dry sandy wood near York, N. C. 

 Cynoglossum amplexicaule, in dry rich soil on limestone rocks, Montreal. 

 Primula pusilla, in vegetable mould and gravel, edge of the St. Lawrence, 



opposite Quebec. This plant frequently sends out runners below 



ground, which produce a number of young plants, which is a 



singular circumstance in this genus. 

 Xylosteum ciliatum, in rich moist soil in shady woods, Montreal. 



