Foreign Notices. — Germany. — Switzerland. 347 



culture of the silk-worm in this country to know, that the leaves of the 

 bramble, and by analogy those of the raspberry, and probably the whole of 

 the Rubiaceag, may be made use of for that purpose. The bramble abounds 

 in many hedges, and in most woods on a dry bottom ; it is early in leaf, and 

 continues growing till interrupted by frost. 



GERMANY. 



Trees for planting by Public Roads, and for Hedges. — M. Hempel, in the 

 Memoirs of the Pomological Society of Altenbourg (vol. I.), recommends the 

 lime, the horse-chesnut, the oak, the beech, the birch, the common acacia, 

 and the different species of pines and firs. These he woidd plant in single 

 rows where the soil is good, and in double rows where it is indifferent, or 

 the situation bleak. But he greatly prefers planting fruit-trees, and would 

 form all public roads into avenues of sweet chesnuts, walnuts, geans, cher- 

 ries, pears, apples, &c, or a mixture of these, according to the soil, climate, 

 and exposure. Where it is practicable he would plant a row of apples and 

 pears next the road, and another row of chesnuts and walnuts four yards 

 distant from these ; thus forming a sort of summer avenue on each side of 

 the main road, to protect the traveller from the sun and the rain. In low 

 sheltered situations, where the direction of the road was east and west, he 

 would plant walnuts, cherries, and pears on the north side, and low trees, 

 such as apples and mulberries, the latter to be pollarded for the silk-worm, 

 on the south side, as not impeding the sun's rays from drying the roads after 

 rain. This enthusiastic Pomologist would even turn thefield hedges into sources 

 of fruit ; where hawthorn hedges already exist, he would cut them down and 

 graft their roots entre-deux terres, (a few inches under ground) with pears 

 and services ; on the sloe he would graft plums of different sorts ; crab-tree 

 hedges he would turn into hedges of good sorts of apples ; and where hedges 

 were to be planted, aborigine, he would oblige, under a severe penalty, all 

 proprietors and occupiers of land to use the commoner sorts of plums. 

 But in certain situations he would, however, admit of the elder, filbert, bar- 

 bery and other fruit-bearing plants, provided circumstances were unsuitable 

 for plums and pears. As hedges for sheltering gardens, he will allow of 

 nothing but espaliers of fruit trees or fruit shrubs, or beds, or double rows of 

 raspberries. 



Recovering exhausted Exotics. " I observed in the Botanic Garden here a 

 number of hot-house plants standing in the open air. Enquiring of my guide 

 whether the climate of Berlin, was so much milder than that of London, that 

 stove plants could be summered in the open ground, as green-house plants 

 are in England, I was informed that it was Mr. Otto's practice to treat 

 many hot-house plants in this way, which had the effect of causing them to 

 grow much more vigorously when returned to the stove, and frequently to 

 produce blossoms more readily than by any other mode." — (J. B. — Ber- 

 lin, August, 1826.) 



SWITZERLAND. 



Establishment of M. Fellenberg at Hofwyl. By John Murray, Esq. F.A.S., 

 F.L.S., F.H.S., F.G.S., &c. &c— " Sir, — You have in a late number of the 

 Gardener's Magazine, (p. 77.) among your notices of foreign publications, 

 adverted to the ' Annales Agricoles de Roville,' as containing an account of 

 the very interesting establishment of M. Fellenberg at Hofwyl. As I visited 

 these magnificent arrangements on the 26th August, 1825, perhaps a succinct 

 notice may not be uninteresting. I am unwilling, however, to trespass on 

 your valuable pages further than to give a very summary account of what 

 1 personally witnessed ; especially as there are numerous publications filled 

 with details of these peaceful and interesting scenes. 



