Birds of Celebes: Campopliagidae. 



421 



Mr. Doherty's examples from West Celebes also seem to be intermediate (see Hartert 

 d 5), shown by the formula: 



Edoliisoma morio — septentrionalis 



or, if they stand nearer to the Northern birds and are yet not the same as the Eastern ones, 

 it might, or might not, be desirable to employ more complex fonnulae. 



Skeleton. 



Length of craniimi . . . 



Greatest breadth of cranium 



Length of humerus . . 



Length of ulna . . . 



Length of radius . 



Length of manus 



Length of metacarpus . 



Length of digitus principalis 



Length of femur . . . 



Length of tibia . . . 



Length of fibula . . . 

 Nest and eggs. Unrecorded. 

 Distribution. Celebes: IVIinahassa ("Wallace 3, Meyer d 3, etc.), Lembeh Id. (Nat. Coll.), 



Bolang Mongondo Distr. (P. & F. Sarasin), Gorontalo (Leyd. Mus. i .3), Tawaya, 



W. Celebes (Doherty d 5), Tonkean, E. Celebes (Nat. Coll.), Palopo, Gulf of Boni 



(Weber 8], Pare Pare, S. W. [Cel. (P. & F. S. 11), Macassar (Wallace .3, Weber 8], 



Indrulaman, S. Cel. (Everett d 4). 



The genus Edoliisoma ranges from Australia, New Caledonia and Papuasia 

 to Timor, Celebes, the Philippines and an island of the Caroline Archipelago, 

 Uap. These Cuckoo-shrikes are a good deal similar in the male sex to mem- 

 bers of the genus Graucalus; the females, however, generally differ notably from 

 the males and from one another, affording the best means of distinguishing the 

 species. The young generally resemble their respective mothers, but where the 

 females are uniform grey below, as in E. j)anai/ensis Steere of Guimaras and 

 Panay and E. everetti Sharpe of Sooloo — thus approaching the male plumage, 

 the young will most likely be found to have a dress of their own. The other 

 members of the genus are at once instructive and puzzling. It may be inferred 

 that the female plumage is more ancient than the male, yet the females of the 

 several species have varied amongst themselves so much that the ancestral type 

 of plumage cannot be made out — with our present knowledge at least. The 

 young, resembling their mothers, afford no clue. The maternal specific differ- 

 ences — recently acquii-ed — are straightway impressed upon the plumage of 

 the young, overwhelming the older phylogenetic peculiarities which might then 

 be expected to display themselves. It serves as a warning that the exact an- 

 cestral plumage of the genus or family is never shown by a young bird — or 

 the young of the different species would be exactly alike — and that the recent 

 acquisitions of the species obscure more or less the transient phylogenetic characters 

 which should come to view in the growing bird; moreover, the acquisitions of 



