420 



Birds of Celebes: Campopliagidae. 



Meaeurements. 



Bill from 

 nostr. 



^•"-S 



H^'^ 





a. (Mus. Nehrk. 937) cf ad. Eurukan 118 ] 107 21 15 



h. (0 10803) [(f] ad. near Tondano 118 100 — 15.7 



c. (C 10804) [cf ] ad. near Tondano 



d. (0 12177) imm. Lotta, Mnahassa 114 100 22 14.7 



e. (C 5201) imm. Manado 121 102 21 14.5 



The tail measurements are only approximate. Eight additional specimens from 

 the N. Peninsula and Lembeh Island (Sarasin Coll. 5, Dresd. Mus. 3) have the •wing 

 113 — 120 mm. The female does not seem to be smaller than the male. 



Four females and young from East Celebes: wing 112 — 120 mm. 



Three from the S. Peninsula (Sarasin Coll. Q. from Pare Pare; Dresd. Mus. 

 (f 9 Macassar and Lidrulaman, Everett): -vsang 111 — 115 mm. 

 Variation. As the plumage gets worn, it seems to take a slightly brownish tinge, less blue, 

 on the slate-grey of the upper parts, and the throat gets blacker in the male, losing 

 the bluish gloss. 



A noticeable point of individual (or perhaps age-) variation in the male is seen 

 in the black of the thi'oat which extends more on to the breast in one or two 

 individuals from the same neighbourhood of the Minahassa than in others. 



Females from N. Celebes probably become more regularly and closely barred 

 below with age. The bars in the young are less close, the head above less blue, 

 having a very shght brownish tinge thereon. 



As to local variation, the females and young males from Tonkean, E. Ce- 

 lebes (we have not seen the old male), are of a slightly Hghter and brighter bluish 

 tinge above; the bars on the chin and throat are smaller and less close than in old 

 females from North Celebes. 



The greatest extremes of differentiation yet known are foimd in the Northern 

 and in the Southern Peninsulas. The Southern female is much paler cinnamon 

 below, inclining to whitish towards the thi-oat and chin, the bars naiTOwer and fewer, 

 especially on the chin, tlu'oat and abdomen; the upper parts paler and with less of 

 a blue tinge (Q ad. Indrulaman, Oct. 1S95: Everett — C 14904). 



The male of S. Celebes differs from the male of N. Celebes in having a slightly 

 paler and brownish tinge, less blue above, the black of the chin and throat not 

 extending on to the chest, the black subterminal spot on the two middle tail-feathers 

 smaU (cf. Macassar, Sept. 1895: Everett — C 14897). 



A young female, changing into adult dress, differs from Noi'thern specimens 

 chiefly by the under parts being much clearer of bars, the iinder wing-coverts and 

 metacarpal edge uniform cinnamon, the upper i^arts paler, the black spot on the two 

 middle tail-feathers small (Q vix ad.. Pare Pare, 30. VH. 95: Sarasin Coll.). 



The Southern bird is the typical Edoliisonia morio, S. Mtiller having visited Macassar 

 and Bonthain in 1828, but not N. Celebes, and the Northern individuals, displaying 

 apparently an extreme of racial differentiation, may be distinguislied as: 



Edoliisoma morio septentrionalis. 



The Eastern birds seem to stand nearer to the Northern than to the Southern ones, 

 as is indicated by the formula: 



Edoliisoma morio <^ septentrionalis. 



