412 Bii'ds of Celebes: Campophagidae. 



quills below greyish black, becoming pure wliite on the inner webs where they 

 rest upon the sides of the body; tail below black, the concealed bases of the feathers 

 white (near Manado [cf], Aug.— Sept. 1892: Nat. ColL — C 10885; Rurukan, cT, 

 15. YiJI. 84: Platen in Mus. JSTehrkorn — Nr. 935). "Iris dark umber; feet black; 

 bill pale blue, commissure jialei'" (Doherty c 14). 



Adult female. Above slate-grey with a slight ohve tinge, shafts of the feathers blackish; 

 lower back, rump, upper tail-coverts and concealed bases of tail-feathers 

 white; wings and tail black, the wing-coverts bordered with the grey of the upper 

 surface; lores blackish; sides of head, chin, throat and chest uniform with the 

 grey upper sui-face, but paler, passing into pure white on lower breast, and 

 remaining under parts; wings and tail below as in the male (near Tondano [Q], 

 Aug.— Sept. 1892: Nat. Coll. — C 10807; Minahassa, Q, 8. V. 86: Platen in Mus. 

 Nehrk. — Nr. 1275). "Iris dark umber; feet blackish; bill pale blue, commissure 

 darker" (Doherty c 14). 



Immature male. The black parts of the plumage of the adult male replaced by dark slaty, 

 except the wings and tail which are black, but the latter tipped with cinnamon white, 

 the inner quills broadly bordered with white, the longer ones edged with cinnamon; 

 the rest as in the adult (Mantehage [cf], 23. IV. 93: Nat. Coll. — C 12154). 



Immature [female?]. Upper surface like that of the adult female, but the inner quills bordered 

 with wliite; entire under surface, including chin, throat and breast, white as in the 

 adult male (near Tondano [Q], Aug.— Sept. 1892: Nat. Coll. — C 10805). 



Measurements (7 adults, (J^ and Q). Wing 174 — 180 mm; tail 127 — 140; tarsus 23 — 25 ca.; 

 bill from nostril (5 examples) 20.5—22.5. (3 immature): wing 164—169; tail 128—136; 

 tarsus 24 ca. ; bill fr. nostr. 20 — 21. 



Breeding habits. Unknown. 



Distribution. Celebes and the islands off the coast: Minahassa (Wallace c G, Riedel c 9, 

 etc.); Grorontalo Distr. (Meyer c 7); Banka Id., and Mantehage Id. (Nat. Coll. in 

 Dresden Mus.); Togian Islands (Meyer c 7); E. Celebes (Nat. Coll); Kandari, S. 

 E. Celebes (Beccari c 5); Tawaya, W. Celebes (Doherty c 14). 



This Campophaga — or Cuckoo-shrike , as Indian naturalists term these 

 birds — is a very distinct species and was treated by Dr. Hartlaub as the 

 only species representing his genus Artamides. Dr. Sharpe in the Catalogue of 

 Birds, vol. IV, includes 15 more species under this generic name and others have 

 been added since ; 1 8 other species, to which a number of additions have since 

 been made, are put in the genus Grnucalns. Like Salvadori and others we 

 prefer to keep them all in the genus Graucalus; the character by which 

 Dr. Sharpe distinguishes his Artamides — a somewhat longer bill — enforces 

 an unnatural division, species being found in the genus Artamides whose nearer 

 allies are removed to the genus Gravcahis. Nor does Graucalus hicolor seem 

 worthy of generic separation. The adult male differs from all the other species 

 of Graucalus in being black above (except on lower back and upper tail-coverts), 

 but one sometimes has to look twice to distinguish the female from the female 

 of Graucalus leucopygius of Celebes. The larger size and much larger bill and 

 a white bases to the tail-feathers of G. bicolor serve to distinguish it. 



The bird in both sexes corresjionds rather well with the coloration of the 

 sexes of Lalage leucopygialis. 



