410 Birds of Celebes: Campophagidae. 



Sumatra and Java where L. hcionensis is scarce or even, as regards the latter 

 locality, unknown. While L. tigrirms seems to travel over the mainland of S. E. 

 Asia down the Malay Peninsula to the Great Sunda Islands, L. lucionensin like 

 most other migrants crosses the sea to the Philippines and elsewhere. A some- 

 what similar case seems to be afforded by the two Hawks Butastur liventer and 

 ivdktis, though more evidence in the case of B. liventer is wanting. 



Swinhoe remarks upon the chattering cry and skulking habits of L. lu- 

 cionensis: "It possesses a melodious song of no mean capacity, but it is gener- 

 ally uttered in a subdued tone. It feeds on large insects, especially LibeUvlae, 

 but oftener, I think, on small birds, more particularly of the Phylluscopiis group" 

 (4). Abbe David says that the Pekinese iise it in hawking small birds, and 

 greatly appreciate it for its sweet and melodious song. In the Andamans 

 Davison found it a very silent bird, keeping to gardens and the cleared parts 

 on the settlements; few birds sing, however, save in the season of courtship 

 and honeymoon. It would appear, therefore , from this also that the bird does 

 not breed in the Andamans. 



Lanius erytkronotus Vig., distinguished by its smoke-grey head and back, is 

 nearly related to it. 



FAMILY CAMPOPHAGIDAE. 



These birds vary in size from the dimensions of a Sparrow to those of a 

 Jackdaw, and are best characterized by the plumage of the rump, which is very 

 thick and close, with the shafts of the feathers thickened and stiff, much as in 

 many (Juckoos and Pigeons. The bill is moderate, denticulated, sometimes very 

 strong, rictal bristles few and not consjiicuous ; the nostril often hidden by the 

 frontal plumes and scanty small bristles; the wing is rather long, the secondaries 

 about V:i to V4 of its length, the second primary longer than the secondaries, 

 the first about half the length of the second; the tail somewhat long, occasion- 

 ally exceeding the wing-length; the tarsus short, about the length of the culmen, 

 more or less. 



The family is found in the Australian, Oriental, and Ethiopian Regions. 



Among the Campo2)hagidae, the genus Graucahs, under which name we include 

 the genus Artamides of some authors, is found in the Oriental Region, Papuasia, 

 Australia, Madagascar and Africa. As regards phunage the four species of the 

 Celebesian area are among the more highly specialized, and show on the whole 

 stronger affinities with Papuasia than with the Oriental Region. Edoliisoma ranges 

 from Australia to the Philippines and Uajj in the Carolines. The Celebesian 

 forms appear to have very likely reached the Province by flight from the west. 

 Of the two species of Lalage occurring in Celebes, one, L. leucopygkdis, we take 

 for an advanced form of L. terat of the Oriental Region; the other, L. timorensk, 

 seems to have reached the island recently from the Lesser Sunda Group. T'he 



