Birds of Celebes: Laniidae. 4()5 



pleasing exterior; neatly lined with finer grasses and stalks. In shape a half -globe, 

 with tolerably thick walls. Diam. 14, internal diam. 7, depth 5 cm (Tacz. k 2). 

 Nests in pine-woods in the province of Kiangsi (David b 11). 



Breeding season. Spring and early summer. Knomi as a breeding species fi'om Ussuri-land 

 to the Yang tse (Tacz. k 2, k 6, Styan 9, Swinh. i I). 



Distribution. Amnrland (Schrenck <jf 1)\ Ussiiri-land (Dybowski & Godlewski /*; 2)\ Askold 

 Id. (Dybowski k 6); Corea (Campbell h 26)\ .Japan (Pryer & Jouy h 24); China 

 (Swinhoe i I, b 8, b 10, David b 11, Styan 9, etc.); Tenasserim (Davison b 12, 

 b 20); Malay Peninsula (Davison b 12, Cantor 4, Wallace 4); Singajiore (Mus. 

 Leyd. 5); Sumatra (Wallace b III, 4, Beccari b 15, Modigl. b 25); Nias (Kanne- 

 gieter 13); Java (Kuhl, Blume and Junghuhn 5, H.O.Forbes b 16); Banka 

 (Mus. Leyd. 5); Borneo (S. Miill. 5, Grabowski b 18, etc. 6); Sooloo Is. (Platen 

 8, 12); N. Celebes — Mauado (Meyer b 9, b 14, b 19). 



The Thick-billed Shrike of Eastern Asia is included in the Celebes list on 

 account of a single young individual killed by Meyer near Manado in April, 

 1871. Celebes is now known to possess two Shrikes, this and L. ludonensis, 

 both of which seem to be simply Avinter migrants from the north and west. 

 Mr. Biittikofer (5) suggests the possible identity of the Dresden specimen with 

 L. ludonensis; this is not the case, nor indeed is there anything remarkable in 

 its occurrence in Celebes, which is reached by many other East-Asiatic migra- 

 tory birds. 



L. tigrinus is, as Seebohm remarks, a very rare bird in Japan (b 24); 

 Campbell considered it rare in Corea (h26), but Dybowski seems to have 

 found it a not uncommon bird further north in] Ussuri-land; in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Pekin, according to David, it comes only in summer and always 

 in small numbers, but it is not rare in the central provinces and particularly 

 in Kiangsi, "where it breeds and where I have often found it in the pine woods 

 which cover this province". At Kiukiang on the Yangtse about 30*'N., Mr. 

 Styan (9) observed that it "arrives in fair numbers in May, and remains to 

 breed. The young are hatched out in July". It appears on the whole that the 

 central pro-sdnces of China form the main breeding-grounds of the species. 

 Formosa, the natural half-way house for migrants to the Philippines, has not 

 yet, so far as we are aware, furnished specimens; in the Philippines, including 

 Palawan, it is likewise as yet unknown. What is yet known about the bird in 

 other parts tends to prove that it is a fairly plentiful winter visitor to Malacca 

 and Sumatra, occurs in somewhat smaller' numbers in Java, is rare in Borneo, 

 and specially rare in Celebes. It seems that this species avoids as much as 

 possible migration across seas, but travels from China over S. E. Asia and down 

 the Malay Peninsula into Sumatra, Java, and in smaller numbers, Borneo, now 

 and then reaching Celebes and no doubt some of the other neighbouring islands. 

 L. ludonensis in its migrations offers some curious points in contrast. 



There is no evidence to show that L. tigrinus breeds in the East Indies, on 

 the other hand the recorded dates of specimens tend to prove that it is there 

 only in the northern winter, when it is absent in China. These dates relate 



