398 Birds of Celebes: Laniidae. 



whitish grey; ear-coverts reddish brown ; chin and throat white; breast pale fawn- 

 buff, paler on the abdomen and flanks; under tail-coverts bright yellow; thighs 

 pale brownish, terminal half yellow; under wing-coverts and axillaries whitish, 

 tinged with pale fawn-colour; under surface of quills dusky bro^ii, edged with 

 whitish on the inner webs; bill dark umber-brown, feet grey or lead-colom-. Culmen 

 15 mm; wing 72; tail 61; tarsus 20 (Gadow 5). 

 Distribution. Timor (Wall. .5, ten Kate 6); Samao (Mus. Leyd. 7); Saleyer (Weber 7). 



This species is included among the birds of the Celebes Province on the 

 ground that two specimens were obtained by Weber in the island of Saleyer 

 and sent to the Leyden Museum. Mr. Biittikofer remarks that the bill is 

 stouter than in the typical P. orpheus, but at the same time thinner than in P. 

 teijsmanni which has been found in the same island and which appears to be 

 the nearest ally of the species. P. teijsmanni is described as having the whole 

 head with forehead, lores and ear-coverts uniform ashy grey, while the head of 

 P. orpheus is said to be olive-grey and, as Gadow adds, the lores, forehead 

 and superciliary stripe whitish grey, the ear-coverts reddish brown. It may still 

 be desirable to test the case to make sure that the Saleyer specimens are not 

 the young of P. teijsmanm. 



-^ 146. PACHYCEPHALA GRISEONOTA G.R.Giay. 



Ashy Thick-head. 



Pachycephala griseonota (1) Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, 429, 435; (2) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 11, 

 1881, 229; (3) Gadow, Cat. B. VIH, 1883, 217; (4) Heine & Rchnw., Nomench 

 Mus. Hein. 1890, 39; (5) Salvad., Orn. Pap., Agg. 1890, 106. 



a. Pachycephala rufescens (1) Wall., P. Z. S. 1862, 335, 341; (2) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. 



Gen. 1878, Xn, 331. 



b. Pachycephala lineolata (1) Wall, a 1; (2) Salvad. a 2, p. 332. 

 For further synonymy and references see Salvadori 2. 

 Descriptions. Wallace a 1; Salvadori 5; Gadow 5. 



Male. Above dusky cinereous, head purer cinereous; below I'ufescent; throat wliitish; 



quills and rectrices dusky, margined with cinereous (Salvadori 2). Bill and feet 



black; iris dark (Wallace h 1). 

 Female. Above cinereous, tinged -vvith olive-green; beneath pale ochi-eous yellow, the feathers 



of the thi'oat and breast with a median dusky sti'ipe; lores hght ash; chin nearly 



white; quills dusky, bordered with olivaceous; bill and feet blackish; iris dark 



(Wallace a 1). 

 Distribution. Sula Islands (Allen n 1, hi, 3)\ Bimi 'Wallace « i, hi, 3, Rosenberg .3); 



? Ceram (Brit. Mus. .9). 



P. rufescens of Sula and Buru and P. lineolata of the same two localities 

 were originally described by Wallace as distinct species, but Salvadori seems 

 now to have satisfactorily proved that the differences in colorationare of a 

 sexual character. Its nearest affinities seem to be with P. cinerascens Salvad. 

 of Ternate, Tidore and Morty, in which similar differences between the males 

 and females are pointed out (Orn. Pap. II, 228). 



