Biids of Celebes: Sylviidae. 515 



which render it practically impossible to draw a clear line between them and 

 those families and the Timeliidae, and it is hard to say what good purpose is 

 served by upholding them all as families. 



In Wallace's "Geographical Distribution of Animals" 1876, II, pp. 256 — 260, 

 Canon Tristram divides the Sylviidae into 7 subfamilies, of which three occur 

 in Celebes. The Diytnoecinae, to which Cisticola and Phj/llergates belong, have 

 long shanks and fan-tails, often inhabiting scrub and grass; the Calamo/ierpinar, 

 pre-eminently the Reed-Warblers, including Acrocephalus and Locustella; the 

 Phi/lloscopinae, more arboreal in habits, though nesting on or near the ground, 

 including Phi/lloscopus and, perhaps, Ciypfolop/ia. 



GENUS CISTICOLA Kaup. 



Bill not notched, shorter than the cranium, two rictal bristles; tail of 12 

 feathers, fan-shaped; wing rounded, 1"' quill small, less than half the length of 

 the 2"'\ the 2"'^ as long as the secondaries, 3''''— 6'^ the longest ; tarsus long, longer 

 than the middle toe; in colour, as the feet, flesh-colour, yellowish or reddish. 



Birds of very small size, to be found in the open, in long scrubby grass, 

 and such like; ranging from Africa, Madagascar, Southern Europe, temperate 

 (ex parte?! and tropical Asia, through the East India Archipelago to Australia. 



212. CISTICOLA CURSITANS (Frkl.). 



Rufous Fan-tailed Warbler. 



a. Sylvia cisticola (1) Temm., Man. d'Orn. 1820, I, 228. 



b. Prinia cursitans (1) Frankl., P. Z. S. 1831, 118. 



c. Salicaria cisticola (I) Gld., B. Eur. 1837, pi. 113. 



d. Cisticola schoenicola Bp. (1) David & Oust., Ois. Chine 1877, 256; (2) Seeb., Ibis 1884, 



261; (S) Guill., Ibis 1888, 110; (4) Koenig, J. f. 0. 1888, 193; (5) id., ib. 

 1892, 392. 

 Cisticola cursitans (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VTH, 64; (11) Dresser, B.Eur, m, 3, pi. 

 96 (1877), [3] Hume & Davis., Str. F. VI, 1878, 349; (4) Tweedd., P. Z. S. 1878, 

 708, 710; (5) Hume, Str. F. VHI, 1879, 64; (6) Legge, B. Ceylou 1880, 531; 

 (7) Wardl. Rams., Tweedd. Om. Works 188!, App. 658; (8) Reid, Str. F. X, 

 1881, 46; (8<''') Kelliam, Ibis 1881, 516; (9) Gates, t. c. 1882, 219; (10) Davi- 

 son, t. c. 1882, 309; 1883, 391; (11) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1883, XLIH, 97; 

 (12) Wardl. Rams., Ibis 1886, 160; (13) Tait, Ibis 1887, 95; (XIIP") Gigl. & 

 Manz., Icon. A%'if. Ital., pi. XXXVIH (1888); (14) Lilford, Ibis 1889, 318; (15) 

 Tristr., Cat. Coll. B. 1889, 156; (16) Gates ed. Hume's Nests & Eggs Ind. B. I, 

 1 889, 236; (17) Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind. 1890, I, 374; (18) Heine & Rchw., No- 

 mencl. Mus. Hein. 1890, 29; (19) Yovderm., Notes Leyd. Mus. 1891, 128; (20) id., 

 N. T. Ned. Ind. 1891, L, 496; (21) Rchw., J. f. G. 1892, 56; (22) M. & Wg., Abh. 

 Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 12; (23) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 2, p. 18. 



e. Cisticola cisticola (1) Gates, B. Br. Bui-mah 1883, I, 115; (2) Sharpe, Cat. B. VII, 1883, 



259; (3) Seeb., Bjis 1884, 40; (4) Styan, Ibis 1887,220; (5) Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, 



65* 



