556 Birds of Celebes: Sturnidae. 



For further synonymy and references cf. Sharpe d 18. 



Figures and descriptions. Kittlitz c II; Meyer e X7/ (skeleton); Walden el; Briigge- 



mann e 5; Sharpe d 18. 

 Diagnosis of adult. Size lai'ge {wing 102 — 114 in 24 adults from Celebes and the Philippines); 



coppery-green tints strongly expressed (in two-thii-ds of the specimens being stronger 



than in adults fi'om Java). 

 Distribution. Phihppine Islands — throughout [d 3, d 8, d 9, d 12, d 16) inch Sooloo (Everett 



d 20); Northern Peninsula of Celebes (Meyer e 2, e 8, Fischer e 5 etc.); TaHssi Id. 



(Guillemard e 10, Hickson e 13); Manado tua, Mantehage and Banka (Nat. Colh); 



Togian (Meyer e 8). 



2. Calornis panayensis chalybea (Horsf.). 



g. Turdus chalybeus (1) Horsf., Tr. L. S. Xm, 1821, 148. 

 h. Calornis cantor (1) Blyth, J. A. S. B. XTH, 1844, 366. 

 i. Calornis chalybea (or chalybeus) (1) Horsf. & Moore, Oat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. 1856, 11, 



543; (2) Salvad., Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 271; (3) Kelham, Ibis 1881, 143; (4) 



A. Miilh, J. f. 0. 1882, 387, pt; (3) Biittik., Notes Leyd. Mus. IX, 1887, 71; (6) 



Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 143; (7) Gates, ed. Hume's Nests & Eggs Ind. 



B., I, 1889, 367, pt.; (8) id., Faun. Br. Ind. B., I, 1889, 514, pt.; (9) Hartert, J. f. 



O. 1889, 355; (10) Sharpe, Cat. B. XTTT, 1890, 143, pt.; (11) Vorderman, N. T. 



Ned. Ind. 1891, L, 497; (12) id., Notes Leyden Mus. 1891, XHI, 128; (13) Salvad., 



Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1891, 71; (14) Hose, Ibis 1892, 402. 

 For further synonymy cf. Salvad. i 2. 

 Description. Sharpe / 10. 

 Diagnosis. Size small (■\ving 94 — 101 in four adults from Java), plumage duller, with less of 



coppery-green. 

 Distribution. Java (Horsfield ^ J, i 10, etc.); Billiton (Vorderman ^■ ii, i 12); Borneo 



(Mottley etc. i 2, i 6); Sumatra (Raffles etc. i2, i 10); Singapore (Davison i 10, 



Kelham i 3); Malay Peninsula (Cantor, etc. i 2, i 4, i 10). 



3. Calornis panayensis affinis (Hay). 



j. "Calornis affinis (A. Hay)" (1) Blyth, J. A. S. B. XFI, 1844, 366; (2) Hume, Str. F. 



1877, 38; (3) Sharpe, Cat. B. XIH, 1890, 1 '4. 

 I: Calornis chalybea (1) Gates, B. Br. Bunnah 1883, I, 390, pt.; (2) id. i 7, pt; (3) id. 



i 8, pt. ; (4) Sharpe i 10, pt. 

 For further references cf. Sharpe / 10. 

 Description. Sharpe z'iO. 

 Diagnosis. Size large (wing 106 — 109 mm); always with a more or less distinct bronzy pui'ple 



gloss on the under-parts (Sharpe * 10). 

 Distribution. N. W. India — Tipperah, Dacca, Cachar (i 8, i 10). 



Calornis panayensis chalybea — affinis. 



I. Calornis chalybea (1) Hume & Davison, Str. F. VI, 1878, 394; (2) Gates, B. Br. Burmah 



1883, I, 390, pt.; (3) id. / 7, i 8, pt.; (4) Sharpe i 10, pt. 

 Description. Hume and Davison 11. 

 Diagnosis. Intermediate between the subspecies 2 and 3. 

 Distribution. The Burmese countries (1 1, i 10). 



