Birds of Celebes: Oriolidae. 5§9 



^ * 247. ORIOLUS FRONTALIS Wall. 

 Sula Oriole. 



Oriolus frontalis (I) Wall., P. Z. S. 1862, 340, pi. XL; (2) Finsch, Neii Guinea 1865, 

 173; (3) Gray, HL. H, 1870, 202, Nr. 4309; (4) Cab., J. f. 0. 1872, 392, 393; 

 (5) Sharpe, Cat. B. m, 1877, 204; (6) id., P. Z. S. 1879, 315; (7) Heine & Rchw., 

 Noniencl. Mus. Hein. 1890, 112; (8) M. & Wg., Abli. Mus. Dresd. 189(), Nr. 2, p. 19. 



a. Oriolus acrorhynchus pt. (1) Schl., Mus. P.-B., Coraces, 1867, 105 (Sula). 



h. Broderipus frontalis (1) Wald., Tr. Z. S. VTH, 1872, 61; (2) Wald. & Lay., Ibis 1872, 

 101; (3) Wald., Ibis 1873, 306; (4) id., Tr. Z. S. IX, 1875, 185. 



c. Oriolus ohinensis pt. (1) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 261. 



"Simodui" or "Simodowu", PeUng and Banggai, Nat. Coll. 



Figure and descriptions. Wallace /; Sharpe 5. 



Adult. Above and below brilliant deep lemon- yellow ; crown, occiput, sides of head 

 to just below the eye, and lores black; forehead yellow; bastard-wing, re- 

 miges, and tail black, the middle rectrices very narrowly, the lateral rectrices broadly 

 tipped with yellow, attaining to a width of about 35 mm on the inner web of the 

 outemiost (about 20 mm on the outer web), (ad. Banggai — C 14712). 



Immature. The yellow of the neck, mantle, and wing-coverts washed with olive; inner re- 

 miges greenish oHve (with some black feathers of the adult dress intermingled) ; middle 

 tail-feathers oUve-green (Banggai — 14714). 



Measurements (6 adults: Pehng and Banggai). Wing 152 — 158 mm; tail 109 — 116; tarsus 

 c. 26; bill from nostril 23.5—26. 



Young. Much paler than the adults, and having faint streaks of yellow on the head, the 

 frontal plumes being narrowly tipped with black; wings bro-mi externally; shaded 

 with olive, the ijrimaries with grey; least wing-coverts bright yellow Mke the back, 

 the greater series brown, externally with a broad margin of yellow; four middle 

 tail-feathers dull ohve-yellow, the second pair slightly blackish towards the tips, 

 the rest of the feathers ohve-green at the base, and tipped with yellow principally 

 on the inner web, the blackish subterminal shade greatly increasing towards the outer- 

 most feathers; entire under surface of body bright yellow, including the under 

 wing- and tail-coverts (Sharpe 5). 



Distribution. Sula Islands: Sula Besi and Sula Mangoli (Allen/, 5, Bernstein and Hoedt 

 a 1], Peling and Banggai (Nat. Coll. in Dresd. and Tring Mus.). 



According to Mr. Wallace, this species differs from O. acrorhynchus Vig. 

 (^z chinensis) of the Philippines in its richer and more uniform colom-, longer 

 tail, jet-black wings and middle tail-feathers, and the smallness of the yellow 

 frontal spot. Dr. Sharpe (6) says the only difference is the slightly greater 

 extent of yellow on the tail-feathers of the Philii^pine bird; and on comparing 

 Peling and Banggaai examples with those of the Philippines and O. palawanensis 

 we are at a loss to point out further reliable distinctions, though the yellow 

 of the forehead seems to be more abruptly truncated behind. 



7-* 248. ORIOLUS BONERATENSIS M.&Wg. 



Bonerate Oriole. 



Oriolus boneratensis (1) M.&Wg., Abh. Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 16; (2) Hart., Nov. 

 Zool. 1896, 169. 



