516 Birds of Celebes: Treionidae. 



and there with blue reflections; quills and tail above glossy blackish blue, the 

 inner quills and the edges of the upper tail-coverts washed with the green of the 

 back; wing below blackish brown, under wing-coverts mostly dark metallic green, 

 axillaries slaty; tail below blackish. "Iris orange-yellow (or orange), bill black, feet 

 cherry-red" — Platen 13 (Euang, August, 1894: Nat. Coll. — C 13481). 



Female. Tlu-ee females (Gt. Sangi) examined by Prof. W. Blasius (13) displayed fewer blue 

 reflections on the upper surface than three males; Dr. Briiggemann, on the other 

 hand, speaks of a female with dark steel-blue borders. We suspect that the more 

 uniform metallic green of the upper siu-face is a sign of age, and, following a well- 

 known ride, that it is acquii'ed more slowly by the female than the male. 



Nestling. (Wing 156 mm.) Akeady coloiu-ed just hke the adult female (Briiggem. 4]. 



Measurements. Wing (12 adults: Sangi Islands) 273 — 295 mm, \ving f4 adults: Kabruang) 

 265 — 280; tail 170 ca.; tai'sus 36 ca. ; bill fi-om feathers of forehead 19 — 21. 



Distribution. Tenimber Islands or Timorlaut^group — Larat and Maru (H. O. Forbes 5), 

 Cera or Seyi-ah, Tenimber or Vordate (Riedel 7); Babbar fRiedel 7); Dammar 

 (Riedel 11, Walker 17); „one small island west of Aru" (Wallace 1, 16); Lutor 

 and Pulo-babi (Beccari 8); Aru group (Eosenberg and Hoedt5); Kei Islands 

 (Eosenb. 5, Hoedt 5, Beccari 8, "Challenger"' Exp. 16); Tejoor (Eosenb. 5); 

 Matabello or Watubella (Wallace 1, 3, 16); Goram group — Manawolka and Padjang 

 (Eosenb. 5, 8); Goram (Eosenb. 5, D'Alb. 8); Banda (Eeinwardt fide Salvad. 8, 

 Wallace 1, Hoedt 5); Bataug kitjil near Tifore (Bruijn 5); Sangi Islands — Great 

 Sangi (Eosenb. 5, Meyer, Fischer 4, Platen 13, Nat. Coll.;, Siao (Hoedt and 

 V. Duivenbode 5, Nat. Coll.); Biarro, Euang, and Tagulandang (iid.); Talaut — 

 Kabniang and Karkellang (iid. 18). 



This large Pigeon seems to be of insular or oceanic habits, in the sense 

 that it is met with only on small islands, around the largest of which it could 

 fly in about an hour. It is now known to occur from Talaut to Aru and Tenim- 

 ber, yet it is wanting in the large intermediate islands of Halmahera, New 

 Guinea, Ceram, Burn, Celebes, etc. ; and between the Sangi group and Banda, 

 where a break in its distribution occurs, it has as yet been discovered only on 

 the islet of Batang kitjil near Tifore in the Molucca Straits. On the islands 

 of Ruang and Tagulandang between Sangi and the Minahassa it seems to be a 

 plentiful species; it is evidently this Pigeon which Dr. Hick son saw on Huang 

 in great numbers, and not C. paulina (b 1) of the mainland of Celebes ; the latter 

 was not obtained in these islands by our native hunters, and C. concinna has 

 never been heard of on the mainland. C. paulina is easily distinguishable by 

 its much smaller size and orange-tawny hind neck. More similar is Carpophaga 

 ijeehinkiana Schl. of the islands of Geelvink Bay, N.Guinea, which has a white 

 forehead with the feathers abruptly cut off about 6 mm above the nostrils in- 

 stead of encroaching to above their base, and C. intermedia M. &Wg. of Talaut 

 with a uniform dark bronze-green back, chocolate -brown under tail-coverts, no 

 white frontal edge, etc. C. concinna varies in itself to some extent as regards 

 size; Count Salvadori says Kei Islands birds are the largest of all. Sangi 

 specimens are large. 



Mr. Hartert (20) has fixed a trinomial on to the Kei Islands birds, 



