6(34 Birds of Celebes: Phasianidae. 



■/. Excalfactoria australis (1) Gld., Hb. B. Austr. 1865, 11, 197; :'2) E. Rams., Ibis 1868, 

 27U; (3) id., Tab. List 1888, 19. 



/. Coturnix minima (1) Rosenb., Malay. Arcbip. 1878, 275. 



k. Excalfactoria sinensis (1) Hume&Davison, Str. F. VI, 187S, 447. 



I. Excalfactoria lineata (1) Grant, Cat. B. XXII, 1893, 253; (2) Bourns & Worces., B. 

 Menage Exped. 1894, 29; (3) Grant, Handb. Game-Birds 1896, 196; (4) id., Ibis 

 1895, 193. 



"Bilu-Bilulu", Gorontalo Distr., Rosenb. j 1, Joest d 2. 



For further synonymy and references of. Grant 39, and 1 1 (witb exceptions). 



Figures and descriptions. Gould f II, VI, g II, i 1; [Edwards a I, Brisson b /]; 

 Reicbenbach /"/; Diggles f III; Hume & Marsb. XV; Hartl. e 7; Legge e 8; 

 Vorderman e 9; Oustalet 11; Gates 22; Salvadori // 7; Grant 39. 



Male adult. Above bistre, tbe feathers blotched and vermiculated with bhick, cliiefly on the 

 inner web near the end, some witb fulvous shaft-streaks; remiges dull drab; fore- 

 head, upper tail-coverts, and greater wing-coverts washed with slaty-grey; 

 sides of head, jugulum, sides of breast, and flanks slaty grey; other under- 

 parts chestnut; throat and rictal streak black, enclosing a malar streak of 

 white; lower throat white, bordered with black; under wing-coverts pale drab, 

 mixed with white; remiges below pale drab: "feet orange-yellow; iris lake-bnnvn; 

 bill black" — Whitehead 34 (rf, "von Tondano lebend erhalten", 13. Sept. 93: 

 P.&F. Sarasin). 



"In very old examples the shaft-stripes entirely disappear"; and: "the chestnut 

 on the under-parts gradually takes the place of the slate blue till very httle of the 

 latter remains" — Grant 39. 



Younger male. Has the black markings on the upper surface broader, on the sides of the breast 

 a few feathers with dark brown cross-bars (rf, Tondano, 13. Sept.: P.&F. S.). 



Female. Above hke the male, but without any slaty wash on forehead, upper tail-coverts 

 and wing-coverts; below more fulvous brown, barred with dark brown, most broadly 

 on the flanks; middle of abdomen and throat whitish; malar stripe and behind 

 the ear-coverts dotted with dark brown. 



In very old females the barring on the chest nearly chsappears (Grant 39]. 



Immature female. Has the feathers of the upper breast and sides spotted. As age increases 

 these spots resolve themselves into transverse black bars (Grant). 



Young. The young in first plumage are probably similar to the imm. fem. ; it appears that 

 the male quickly assumes the adult dress, but evidence is wanting. 



Measurements (4 adults: N. Celebes). Wing 67 — 70 mm; tarsus 17.5—18.5; bill fi-om ant. 

 marg. nostr. 6 mm. The sexes are of equal size. North Oelebesian specimens are 

 not smaller than those of the Pliihppines (Mindanao, Cebu). Two from Macassar: 

 wing 65, 66 mm (P. & F. S.J. 



Eggs. Java — not moi'e than six; greyish oUve-green or ohve-bro^vn, sprinkled more or less 

 abundantly with oHve-brown spots: size 25 X 19 mm (Bernstein e 4). Labuan — 

 varying from dark olive-brown with few black dots, to pale olive-brown where the 

 black dots are more numerous: size 25.4 X 19 mm (Sharpe 12). For further de- 

 scriptions of eggs and nest cf. Hume 30, Indian countries; Legge e 8, Ceylon; 

 Swinhoe 4, Formosa; A. Miiller 25, Salanga; Mottley & Sclater e 5, Borneo; 

 Kutter 26, Borneo; Sharpe & Whitehead .34, Borneo; Walden 7, Negros; E. P. 

 Ramsay * 2, Australia. 



Nest. A hollow in the ground scraped out by the hen, hned with loose dry grass-stalks and 

 roots (Bernstein r 4 — Java). 



