Birds of Celebes: Parridae. 725 



or in none. The tarsus is naked, often long; the hallux generally absent in the 

 Plovers — very small when present, small in the Sandpipers and Coursers, well 

 developed and with a very long claw in the Jacanas. They are said to have 

 11 primaries, but the first one is concealed and exceedingly minute, if indeed 

 it is present in all species; the fifth secondary is wanting; tail-feathers 10 to 

 26, usually 12. 



The palate is schizognathous, with a pointed vomer; furcula U-shaped, 

 almost always with a small hypocleidium; two carotid arteries; sternum usually 

 either with two pairs of processes, or two fenestrae, in its posterior margin, 

 sometimes only one pair of processes. 



Most of these birds are great migrants, breeding in the North and wintering 

 in southern climates. 



FAMILY PARRIDAE. 



Dr. Gadow remarks (Bronn's Kl. u. Ordn. VI, Abth. 4, Vog. 1893, II, 205): 

 "The differences from the Rails are sufficiently large; especially the general 

 structure of the sternum, the flexor tendons of the toes, notwithstanding a similar 

 form of foot, shizorhinal nasal ])rocesses. basipterygoid processes. On the other 

 hand the intestinal convolutions are very like those of the Rails". 



The long toes, especially the long hallux furnished with an enormous, 

 slightly recurved claw, easily distinguish them from the other Limicolae. 



GENUS HYDRALECTOR Wagl. 



The size of a Turtle-dove, easily recognised by its greatly lengthened claws 

 which are adapted to enable the bird to walk over aquatic plants. The hind 

 toe with the claw is longer than the anterior ones, the claw being about four 

 times the length of the hallux. The tarsus is large, but shorter than the toes, 

 naked and transversely scutellated, as is also the lower half of the tibia. On 

 the basal half of the maxilla a perpendicular comb, with a transverse flap in 

 front of the forehead; wings moderate; rectrices 10, shorter than the tarsus. 

 Nest floating, or near the water's edge; eggs curiously scrawled over with black 

 flourishes, etc. A single species. 



+ 312. HYDRALECTOR GALLINACEUS (Temm.). 



East- Indian Jacana. 



a. Parra gallinacea (I) Temm., PI. Col. Nr. 464 (1828); (2) Brligg., Abh. Ver. Bremen 1876, 

 V, 90; (3) Rosenb., Malay. Archip. 1878, 279; (4) Nehrk., J. f. 0. 1879, 409; 

 f5J Rosenb., Zool. Garten 1881, 167; (6) Joest, Holontalo 1883, 106. 



Hydralector gallinaceus (1) Wagl, Isis 1832, 280; (2) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VTH, 92; 

 (3) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 141; (4) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 1882, HI, 308; (5) W. Bias., 



