Birds of Celebes: Charadriidae. 



753 



LIV, 351; (18) Grant, Ibis 1896, 126; (19) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1896, XXIV, 273, 

 745; (20) Hart., Nov. Zool. 1896, 598. 



Figures and descriptions. Walden J; Seebohm a 6 (lieacl); Hume 5; Scblegel a 2; 

 Swinhoe d 1; Sharpe 19. 



Adult. Forehead and superciliary region wliite; a bar across the fore crown, lores 

 and ear-coverts black; rest of head above and nape browu-rufous; chin, cheeks, 

 throat, a narrow collar round hind-neck, and entire under-parts white; a 

 cervical collar, nearly (sometimes quite) meeting on juguliun, black, duskier above 

 mantle; remaining upper-parts drab-brown with pale tips, the greater wing- and 

 primary -coverts broadly tipped with white, the others less conspicuously; remiges 

 dark brown, the shafts white, all, except the external primaries, tipped with white, 

 and the five inner primaries white on the outer webs, except towards tip; tail dark 

 brown, the thi'ee outermost feathers pure white: legs pale (Banjermassing , Borneo: 

 V. Schierbrand — C 12402). 



Female. Without the black fi'ontal band, the black on mantle, hind-neck, and sides of neck 

 rejjlaced by brown (Sharjje 19). 



Young. Differs from the adult in wanting the black marldngs on the head and in having 

 the cervical collar bi'ownish rufous, not black (Banjermassing: v. Schierbrand — 

 12403). 



A second and younger specimen from Timor (Riedel • — 6261) has the inner 

 quills more broadly tipped with white than in the adult bii-d, the upper parts broadly 

 bordered with very pale brown (wood-brown), the least wing-coverts wth whitish tips, 

 the other wing-covei'ts more conspicuously edged and tipped with white. 



SEeasurements. 



BiU from 

 forehead 



a. (C 3529) ad., Minahassa (v. Faber) 100 40 29.5 15.5 



b. (C 12402) ad., S. Borneo (v. Schierbrand) .... 99 45 29.5 15.5 



c. (C 12403) imm., S. Borneo (v. Schierbrand) .... 97 43 27.5 13.5 



d. (0 6261) juv., Koepang, Timor (Eiedel). ..... 94 41 127.5 13.5 



Eggs. 3; "of a buff colour, thickly blotched with sepia at the larger end, speckled and 

 marked to a lesser degi-ee all over with the same colour and lighter grey; sometimes 

 they are speckled and streaked all over without any blotches at the large end; size 

 33 X 24 mm" (Whitehead 12). 



Nest. None. On the sand-spits and bays round the coast of North Borneo. The eggs are 

 placed in the full glare of the burning sun amongst the sea-drift (Whitehead 12). 



Distribution. Java (Kuhl & v. Hasselt a 2, Vriese a 2); Borneo (S. Muller, etc. a 2, 11); 

 Labuan, Tega and Mengalan Is. (Everett 19); Phihppines — Leyte and Bohol 

 (Everett 5), Negros, Siquijor and Mindanao (Steere 14), Sooloo — Sibutu 

 (Everett 16); N. Celebes — Minahassa (Wallace 19, Fischer a 4, Faber), 

 Gorontalo Distr. (Meyer 4), Macassar (Wallace I); Lombok (Vorderman 17, 

 Everett 20); Tunor (Eiedel in Dresden Mus.); Semao (S. Miiller a 2). 



Mr. Whitehead remarks that the present species is a resident in Borneo and 

 Palawan. There can be little doubt that such it is also in the other East India 

 Islands in which it occurs. From its characters it may be termed a slight 

 modification of A. cantiana of Europe and Asia, or rather of the cawftawa-group 

 of Plovers, consisting of the typical form, dealhata of China and Formosa, minuta 

 Seeb. (not of Pallas) of the coast of the Red Sea and Ceylon, nivosa of North 



Meyer & Wigleswortli, Birds of Celebes (Doc. 3i'<i, ISil"). 



95 



