Birds of Celebes: Charadriidae. 765 



For further synonymy and references cf. Dvessev XII; Legge 7.5; Salvadori i5; Stejneger 

 22\ Taczanowski 36; Sharjje c 5. 



Figures and descriptions. Naumann 11; Gould ///, IV; Dresser XII; Seebohm 25, 26 

 (woodcut); Legge 15; Salvad. 19; Vorderman 20; Gates 21; Taczanowski 36; 

 Sliarpe c 5; etc., etc. 



Winter plumage. Above bistre-brown, margins of the feathers paler, changing into whitish 

 notches with intermediate dark brown bars on the scapulars and tertiaries, and into 

 spots on the wing-coverts; upper tail-coverts white, the longest with sagittate spots 

 of brown; tail barred with brown and white, the outermost feathers wliite, only 

 spotted with brown; remiges dark bro\TO, shaft of first white; supraloral and 

 superciliary stripe wliitish; lores and ear-coverts brown; under-parts white, 

 striated with brown on sides of face and jugulum, clouded with pale brown on breast; 

 sides and flanks scantily barred, under tail-coverts shaft-sti-eaked with brown; under 

 wing-coverts white, with bars of brown, axillai'ies narrowly barred; "ii-is dark brown; 

 bill blackish ohve; below at base hghter brownish olive; feet light greyish olive": 

 Stejneger 22 (Manado: v. Musschenbroek — C 5265). 



Female. Not know^l to differ from the male. 



Summer plumage. In summer the bii-d is darker in colour above than in winter, and the 

 neck, breast and jugulum are thickly streaked with brown. 



Young in first plumage. Has the lateral spots of the feathers of the upper parts fulvous, 

 instead of whitish (Ai'changel: Henke — Nr. 12119). 



Observation. The white lateral spots on the feathers of the upper parts mark the site of a 

 structural difference in the feathers, namely the web is less substantial at these spots, 

 and, as the plumage becomes old, the web breaks away or is worn off here, leaving 

 the feather with a jagged saw-like edge well seen in the tertiaries. It is displayed 

 in a more or less pronounced condition in a number of specimens before us. 



Moult. A specimen killed near Tondano in August — September, 1892, and thi-ee from 

 Limbotto, July, 1871, are shedding their remiges and acquiring fresh ones. The 

 tertiaries are not yet moulted, nor indeed in 2 examples killed in Talaut in November, 

 but the feathers of the upper parts seem to be shed later than the remiges. Seebohm 

 (25) mentions a specimen killed by Emiu in Central Africa on February 15"" with 

 growing first primaries. 



Measurements. Wing (1 1 specimens — Celebes and the islands near) 119 — 129 mm; tail ca. 50; 

 tarsus 37 — 41; middle toe with claw ca. 34; exposed culmen 26—30. 



Eggs. 4; creamy wliite to dull buff and very pale olive, spotted and blotched with rich 

 reddish brown, the spots varjang in size from a pea downwards; size 35.6 — 39.4 X 

 25.4 — 27.9 mm (fi'om Seebohm 25]. 



Nest. A patch of dry ground overgrown with heath, sedges, and coarse grass is generally 

 selected: the nest a mere hollow in the ground, lined with a few dry stalks and 

 blades of grass (from Seebohm 25). 



Distribution. Eiu-ope; Africa; Asia, south to the Moluccas and Timor. — For localities 

 in the East Indies see Salvadori 19, adding Sumatra (Davis. 8, Hagen 32), and 

 some additional Phihppine Is. (Ens. & Worces. 39, Platen 27, Whitehead 29). 

 In the Celebesiau Province: Talaut Islands — Kabruang and Karkellang (Nat. Coll. 

 38, 41), Minahassa (Meyer rf 2, Guillemard 23, etc.), Gorontalo Distr. (Forsten 5, 

 Meyer d 2, Eosenb. 16), Tjamba Distr. (Platen 24), Macassar (Weber 37). 



The distribution of the Wood Sandpiper is much like that of the Common 

 Sandpiper, except that the latter ranges as far south as Tasmania, while the 



