Birds of Celebes: Charadriidae. 



801 



330; (5) Seebohm, Ibis 1884, 34; (6) Mathew, Pr. L. Soc. N. S. W. 1885, 255 

 (7) W. Blasius, Z. ges. Orn. 1886, 199; (8) Seebohm, Distr. Charadr. 1887, 326 

 (9) Buller, B. New Zeal. 2-"i. ed. 1888, H, 45; (10) Rams., Tab. List 1888, 20 

 (11) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 210; fl2J Seebohm, B. Japan 1890, 315 

 (13) Salvadori, Orn. Pap. Agg. 1891, 204; (14) De La Touche, Ibis 1892, 501 

 (15) Tacz., Faun. Orn. Sib. Orient. 1893, H, 940; (16) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1896, 

 XXIV, 350, 753. 



a. Numenius australis (1) Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, 155; (II) id., B. Austr. 1848, VI, pi. 42; 



(3) Schl., Mus. P.-B., Scol., 1864, 90; (%) Salvad., Oat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 333. 



b. Numenius major pt. (I) Temm. & Schl., Faun. Jap., Aves 1850, 110, pi. 66; (2) Steere, 



List Coll. B. & M. Philipp. 1890, 26. 



c. Numenius rufescens (1) Gould, P. Z. S. 1862, 286; (2) Swinh., Ibis 1863, 410; (III) Gld., 



B.Asia Vn, pi. 60 (1864). 



d. Numenius tabitiensis (nee Gm.); (1) Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, 410; (2) David & Oust., 



Ois. Chine 1877, 458. 



For further synonymy and references cf. Salvadori 4, 13; Taczanowski 15; Sharpe 16. 



Diagnosis. Differs from N. variegatus by its much larger size and relatively much longer bill, 

 by its lower back and rump being concolorous with the other upj^er parts viz. grey- 

 brown with dark brown centres (not white with brown streaks), by the head above 

 being grey-brown evenly streaked all over with dark brown (not dark brown with a 

 light mesial stripe), and the feathers of the mantle, scapulars and lesser wing-coverts 

 with blackish centres and paler edgings, giving a more varied appearance. 



From Ntimenius arqtiahis it is distinguishable by its lower back and rump of 

 varied browns concolorous with the upper parts (as against white pvu'e or shghtly 

 spotted in that species). 



Young. Pi-esenting differences from the adults corresponding to those seen in N. variegatus. 

 Taczanowski describes a young male as having the lower scapularies and the ter- 

 tiaries with more regular and rounded spots (as against the deep notches of pale 

 brown and fish-bone bars of dark brown in the adult), the lower back and rump with 

 large reddish drops scattered on a brown ground, the streaks of the under-parts much 

 finer, etc. (15). 



Measurements. 



Wing 



Tail 



125 

 107 

 120 



Tarsus 



93 

 96 



87 



Middle 



toe with 



claw 



56 

 57 

 51 



Exposed 

 culmen 

 (straight) 



215 

 199 

 145 



a. (C 8049) ad., Cebu (Schadenbergi .... 295 



b. (C 6262) ad., Sumba (Riedel) 287 



c. (C 12366) Australia 300 



Eggs. Unknown. 



Distribution. Coast of Alaska (fide Taczanowski 15); East Siberia from Kamtschatka to 

 the Wilui (trib. of Lena) and Corea to Lake Baikal (Taczan. 15); Bering Id. 

 (Wosnessenski & de Maack 15); Japan (Blakiston & Pryer 12); China (Swinh. 

 dl, David d 2, De La Touched); Formosa (Swinhoe c 2); Phihppines — Negros 

 (Steere b 2), Cebu (Schadenberg); Borneo (Ussher, Croockewit 11); N. Celebes 

 — Gorontalo Distr. (Riedel 7); Sumba (Riedel 13); Moluccas — Halmahera, Buru, 

 Amboina, Ceram-laut (Salvadori 4); Papuasia — New Guinea, Yule Island 

 (Salvad. 4); Is. of Torres Str. (MacGiU. 4); Australia and Tasmania (Gould a II, 2, 

 Ramsay 10); New Zealand (Travers, etc. 9). 



Only one example of this Curlew is as yet known from Celebes; it was 

 obtained by Dr. Riedel in the Gorontalo neighbourhood, as recorded by Prof. 



Mpyer .(• Wi gl esworth, Eirrts of Celebes (Dee. Sth, 1897). 



101 



