Birds of Celebes: Ibidae. 803 



simple hypotarsus, syrinx without muscles, intestinal convolutions, form and size 

 of the spina externa, U-shaped furcula, without apophyses (Gadow, in Bronn's 

 Kl. & Ordn. VI, Abth. 4, Vog. 1893, pt. 2, p. 141). 



FAMILY IBIDAE. 



The Ibises bear much resemblance to the Curlews, though Gadow con- 

 siders there is little in common between the two forms but the arched bill, the 

 tongue, and the schizorhinity. It should be added also that & corresponding 

 summer and winter change of plumage is passed through by the Ibis (at least 

 Plegadis) and certain Limicolae, such as Limosa and some Curlews. Some of 

 the most striking diflFerences between the two forms are the nostrils situated 

 high, almost horizontally, on the maxilla of the Ibises, the nasal groove running 

 down to the tip of the bill or nearly, more or less of the face usually bare, 

 and the long hallux. 



The long decurved bill is the best means of distinction between the Ibises 

 and the Storks and Spoonbills. 



GENUS PLEGADIS Kaup. 



Culmen about 3 times as long as the cranium, arched, nostrils linear, situ- 

 ated high and nearly horizontally at the sides of the culmen in its basal fourth, 

 nasal groove running to the tip of the bill; loral and periocular region naked; 

 tarsus long, anteriorly ti'ansversely scutellated; toes long, middle toe and claw 

 a little shorter than the tarsus, hallux with claw about half the length of the 

 middle toe and claw; rectrices 12, about as long as the tarsus; wing rather 

 large, the shorter secondaries about % its length. Summer and winter plumage 

 very different. Migratory. 



Range: most of the temperate and tropical regions of the World. 



4- 343. PLEGADIS FALCINELLUS (L.). 



Glossy Ibis. 



a. Tantalus falcinellus (1) Linn., S. N. 1766, I, 241; (2) Rosenb., Malay. Archip. 1878, 278. 



b. Falcinellus igneus (Ij Gray, List Gen. B. 1841, 87; (11) Gould, B. Austr. 1848, VI, 



pi. 47; (3) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1872, VHI, 101; (4) Salvad., Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 361; 

 (5) Elliot, P. Z. S. 1877, 503; (6) Vorderin., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1884, XLIV, 253; 

 (7) Bennett, Pr. L. Soc. N. S. W. 1887, 1059; (8) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 

 1889, 191. 



c. FalcineUus peregrinus (1) Bp., Consp. 1855, 159; (2) Joest, Holontalo 1883, 105. 



d. Ibis falcinellus (1) Schl., Mus. P.-B., Ibis, 1863, 2; (2j Finsch, Neu-Guinea 1865, 182; 



(3) Finsch & Hartl., Vog. O.-Afr. 1870, 730; (4) Heugl, Vog. N.-O.-Afr. 1871, 

 1132; (5) Hartl, Vog. Madag. 1877, 316; (6) David & Oust., Ois. Chine 1877, 



101* 



