Birds of Celebes: Ardeidae. 



839 



Verb. z.-b. Ges. Wien 1881, 767; (11) Gates, B. Brit. Buimah 1883, n, 253; 

 (12) W. Bias., J. f. G. 1884, 216, 219; (13) Kiitter, t. c. 221; (14) W. Bias., 

 Ztsclu-. ges. Grn. 188:i, 206, 319; (15) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1885, XLIV, 

 202, 237; (16) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1887, X, 308; (17) Burck, N.T.Ned. 

 Ind. 1889, XLVni, 116; (18) Everett, J. Str. Br. E. A. S. 1889, 189; (19) Sharpe, 

 Ibis 1890, 147, 285; (20) Hartert, Kat. Senckenb. Mus. 1891, 202; (21) id., Gmis 

 1891, 123; (22) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1892, LI, 412; (23) Buttik., Zool. 

 Erg. Weber's Reise 1893, m, 284; (24) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 1895, LIV, 

 323, 352; (25) M. & Wg., Abh. Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 15; (26) Hart., Nov. 

 Zool. 1896, 164, 598; (27) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1898, XXVI, 212. 



d. Buphus speciosus (1) Bp., Consp. 1855, 11, 127; (2) id., Compt. Rend. 1855, XL, 



722, Nr. 110. 



e. Ardea leucoptera speciosa (1) Schl. , Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 34. 



f. Ardeola leucoptera (1) Guillem. (nee Bodd.), P. Z. S. 1885, 511, 561. 

 "Duduhu", Gorontalo, Rosenb. a 7; Joest, Holontalo 1833, 105. 

 "Condor pura", Maros and Tjamba, S. Celebes, Platen 14. 



Figure and descriptions. Horsfield a II; Lesson a 5; Bonaparte (/ 1; Hume S; Vorderm. 

 15; Sharpe 27. 



Breeding plumage. Head, neck and jugulum cinnamon, lightest on the head, more cinnamon- 

 rufous on neck, darkest, with a piu'purescent browTi hue on jugulum where the feathers 

 are broad, lengthened and decomposed; an occipital crest of four or five buff-white 

 elongated feathers (c. 60 — 100 mm or more); chin, cheeks and upper throat white; 

 back blackish slaty, washed with a hoary grey, the feathers decomposed, very broad 

 and elongated, stretching beyond the tail; wings, lower back, rump, tail, and 

 entire under parts white, scapulars washed with buff, becoming deeper buff on 

 shoulders; "iris hght yellow; tip and [culmen] base of bill black, the rest bluish [in 

 the dry skin yellowish wliite] ; feet pale yellow": Platen 14 {(^, Maros Waterfall, 

 S. Celebes, 16. H. 78: Platen — C 13227). 



Winter plumage. Head, neck and jugulum dusky black, streaked with buff, the buff 

 increasing in extent on the neck, and almost uniform buff-cinnamon on the jugulum ; 

 no occipital crest; back, scapulars and inner remiges purphsh brown, the 

 dorsal feathers lengthened and terminally decomposed; the remaining parts white as 

 in summer; upper bill and tip of under bill blackish, base of lower and adjoining 

 part of upper bill yellowish (Java: v. Schierbrand — C 12423). 



Tonng. Like the adult in non-breeding plumage, but the buff stripes of the head broader 

 and the back paler and greyer brown ($, Macassar, Get. 71: Meyer — 1995). 



Observation. Several specimens, striped on the head hke the young described, are assuming 

 the long slaty dorsal feathers of breeding plumage. They may be adults changing 

 from winter dress, but we take them rather for yoimg putting on breeding plumage 

 at the beginning of their second year. 

 Sexual differences of coloration are not known to exist. 



Sexes. 



Measurements. 



a. (C 13227) (^ ad., S. Celebes, 16.n.78 (Platen) 



b. (C 14290) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) . . . . 



c. (C3541) ? vix ad., Minahassa (Faberj . . . 



d. (C 1995) juv. $, Macassar, Get. 71 (Meyer) 



e. (Nr. 11251) ad., Java (v. Schierbr.) . . . 



f. (Nr. 11587) ad., Java (v. Schierbr.) . . . 



Wing 



Tail 



205 

 212 

 208 

 190 

 206 

 195 



79 

 77 

 81 

 63 



73 



Tarsus 



52 

 56 



53 



57 

 53 



Mid. toe 

 and claw 



Exposed 

 culmen 



57 



59 

 63 

 57 



59 



62 

 62 

 57 

 61 



