844 



Birds of Celebes: Ardeidae. 



ib. 1879, 73; (15) Finsch, ib. 1880, 577; (16) Schmeltz, Eth. Abth. Mus. Godef. 

 1881, 353; (17) Tweedd., Om. Works 1881, 199, 400, 542, 602, 651; (18) W. Earns., 

 op. cit. 660; (19) Salvad., Om. Pap. 1882, HI, 375; (20) Stejn., Pr. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus. 1887, X, 297 ; (21) Grant, P. Z. S. 1 888, 203 ; (22) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 

 1889, 190; (23) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1890, 146; (24) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. 

 Philipp. 1890, 27; (25) Wiglesw., Av. Polyn. 1892, 69 (syn. emend.); (26) M. & Wg., 

 J. f. O. 1894, 116; (27) Sharpe, Ibis 1894, 541; fSs/Bns. & Worces., B. Menage 

 Exped. 1894, 32; (29) Grant, Ibis 1895, 117, 266; (30) M. & Wg., Abb. Mus. 

 Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 19; (31) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 6, note; (32) Sharpe, Cat. 

 B. 1S9S, XXVI, 162. 



a. Calherodius mauUlensis (1) Bp., C. R. 1850, XL, 723, Nr. 133. 



b. Ardea manillensis (1) Schl. (nee Meyen), Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 60. 



c. Nycticorax caledonicus (1) Hartl. & Finsch (nee Gm.), P. Z. S. 1S68, 117. 



d. Nyctiardea manillensis (1) Gray, HL. 1871, 



e. Nycticorax minahassae (1) M. & Wg., J. f. 



m, 33, Nr. 10173, pt. 



0. 1894, 115; (2) Sharpe, Cat. B. 



1898, 



XXVI, 163. 

 Figures and descriptions. Eraser //; 



Tweeddale 10, 17; Sharpe 32. 

 Diagnosis. Adult. Like N. caledonicns 



Eeichenbach F; Vigors 7; Bonaparte 6; 



Young. 



but the neck all round vinous cinnamon-rufous, 

 with a white dividing mark down the fore-neck; the slate-colour of the head descending 

 about half-way down the hind neck; chin and upper throat white; the three elongated 

 nuchal plumes white with black tips; the cinnamon-rufous of the back washed mth 

 purpurescent-slaty, bill black (q* ad., Kema, S.Oct. 1893: P.&F. Sar.). — A second 

 speciijien is like the above as regards its under-surface, but has the back as well 

 as the hind neck and head above blackish slate-colour, with a tinge of purjjle on 

 the back; the nuchal plumes (not fully grown) black, in the middle white stained 

 with black; supraloral stripe narrow, vinous rufous; "bill entirely black; iris yeUow": 

 P. & F. Sar. ((j^, Kema, 1. Aug. 1892: Sarasin Coll. — type of N. minahassae 

 M. & Wg.). — A third example almost entirely wants the slaty hue on the back: back 

 vinous cinnamon-rufous; supercihary stripe paler; crest plumes tipj^ed with black; base 

 of lower mandible yellowish [c^ scarcely? adult, strand between Kema and Lilang, 

 Sept. 1894: Sarasin ColL). — An adult from Cebu differs from these Celebesian 

 examples in having the chin and throat, as well as the entu'e fore-neck and jugulum, 

 vinous cinnamon-rufous, the entire hind neck blackish slaty like the head (0 4566). 

 Walden (10) describes a nearly adult bird from Cebu as having the chin and 

 throat white (i. e. as in the Celebesian bird described). 



The young seems to differ fi-om the young of N. caledonicus (see foregoing article) 

 in having the rectrices dark cinnamon-rufous as against grey-brown, and a slaty tinge 

 on the mantle, but we do not think that these differences will hold good for all 

 cases; "bill black, below greenish; bare skin of face yellow-green; iris yellow; feet 

 yellowish grey" (Kema, 8. Aug. 92: Sarasin Coll.). 



Mid 



Measui-ements (adults). 



a. (Sarasin Coll.) cT, Kema, 1. Aug. 92 ... . 



b. (Sarasin Coll) cf, Kema, 8. Oct. 93 ... . 



c. (Sar. Coll.) (J* vix? ad., Kema — Lilang, Sept. 94 

 d: (C 4566) ad., Cebu 



Wing 



Tail 



317 112 



303 

 303 

 313 



105 

 107 

 124 



Tarsus 



toe 

 and 

 claw 



Ex- 

 posed 

 culm. 



78 

 84 

 84 

 85 



78 

 85 



84 



78 

 72 

 81 

 73 



