848 Birds of Celebes: Ardeidae. 



GENUS GORSACHIUS Bp. 



Differs from Nycticorax by its shorter toes, the middle one being considerably- 

 shorter than the tarsus, by its smaller and shorter bill, with the nasal groove 

 broader and more membranous in front of the nostril; by the absence of the 

 narrow, elongated nuchal plumes, by its more variegated and Bittern-like color- 

 ation- The pectinations on the claw of the middle toe are much larger, and 

 the soles of the feet more expansive. For further particulars see below (p. 849). 



Range: India to Japan, the Pelew Islands, Halmahera and Java. 



^ 360. GORSACHIUS KUTTERI (Cab.). 



Philippine Tiger-bittern. 



a. Ardea limnopliylax (1) Schl, Mus. P.-B., Ardeae, 1863, 55, partim; '>(2) Rosenb., Malay. 



Ai-chip. 1878, 278; ? (3) W. Bla.s., J. f. 0. 1883, 126. 



b. Gorsachius') melanolophus (nee Raffl.); (1) Blyth, Ibis 1865, 38 pt. fPliilippines); (2j Slvd., 



Cat. Ucc. Borneo 1874, 355, pt.; (3) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1875, IX, 238, pt.; (4) Slvd., 

 Orn. Pap. 1882, III, 371, pt.; (5) Biittik., Notes Leyd. Mus. 1887, EX, 81, pt.; 

 (6) Sharpe, Ibis 1888, 204; (7) W. Bias., Omis 1888, 320; (8) Everett, J. Str. 

 Br. R A. S. 1889, 190; (9) Whitehd., Ibis 1890, 60, 147; (10) Sharpe, Ibis 1890, 

 147, 285; (11) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. Pbilipp. 1890, 27; (12) Bns. & Worces., 

 B. Menage Exped. 1894, 32; (13) Everett, Ibis 1895, 32; (14) M. & Wg., Abh. 

 Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 9, p. 8; (15) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1898, XXVI, 166; (16) Grant, 

 Ibis 1897, 250. 

 e. Ardea philippensis (1) Martens (nee Gm.j, J. f. 0. 1866, 28. 



d. Butio kutteri (1) Cab., Orn. Centralbl. 1881, 159; J. f. 0. 1881, 425; Rchw. & Schal., t. c. 



1882, 115; (II) Kutter, t. c. 178, t. HI; (3) Heine & Rchw., Nomencl. Mus. Heine 

 1890, 309. 



e. Butio (Goisachius) kutteri (1) Sehalow, J. f. O. 1891, 230. 



"Tola mariri", adult, and "Tola ambatja", young, Talaut Islands, Nat. Coll. 



Figure and description. Cab an is d 1; Kutter d II. 



Adult. Head above and occipital crest blackish slaty; neck dark cinnamon, inclining 

 to raw umber on sides of head; chin white; a stripe of whiti.sh feathers streaked 

 with brown down the fore neck; upper parts slaty brown, the scapulars and 

 wing-coverts mottled and vermiculated with cinnamon, some of the primary coverts 

 chestnut, tipped with white; remiges slaty blackish, broadly tipped with white, with 

 a subterminal blotch of hazel, tail blackish slaty; under parts including under wing 

 coverts white, stained with buff and streaked and spotted irregularly with dark brown, 

 forming bars on the sides, flanks and axillaries ; upper part of upper mandible hom- 

 colom, the rest yellowish; legs and feet brown, claw whitish (in the skin), (Esang, 

 Talaut Is., 20. Oct. 1894: Nat. Coll. — C 13854). 



Young. Head and nape black, with white terminal edgings and the nuchal plumes with 

 large, subterminal, sagittate spots of white; sides of head, neck and upper parts 

 sooty black, the feathers tipped with white, and with large, irregular, subterminal 



1; The word ia variously spelt Gorsakius, Gorsacliiux, Goisakius, and Goisachius. The fii'st is a no men 

 nudum and (Jorsachius comes next in chronological order cf. Stejneger. 



