Birds of Celebes: Anatidae. 



869 



"Duwiwi" — name for all ducks (G-orontalo), Rosenberg c 8. 



For further synonymy and references cf. Salvador! 4'). 



Figures and descriptions. Horsfield a I; Gould b I, d 1\ Diggles h II; Fraser c I; 

 Finscli & Hartlaub c 3; Salvador! 1, 4; etc. 



Adult. Head above and a stripe down hind neck brown-black; back and scapulars 

 black, the feathers broadly edged with cinnamon; lower back, rump, tail, and 

 wings black, the lesser and median w!ng-coverts chestnut; the longer upper 

 tail-coverts buff and black; face, sides of head, neck, and under parts cinna- 

 mon, paling almost to white on the throat, upper neck, and under tail-coverts, inten- 

 sifying to cinnamon-rufous on the body below; neck and breast spotted with black, 

 abdomen and thighs mottled with blackish, feathers of the sides of body and of flanks 

 lengthy and slashed with buff and black; wing below dark brown, the first primary 

 notched on the inner web (Lake of Lino, Minahassa; Meyer — C 857). 



"L-ides dark brown; bill black; tarsi greenish grey; feet blackish grey" (Gould dl). 



Sex. The sexes are similar in coloration. 



aiiddle f, , 



Measurements. Wing Tail Tarsus toe with g„{'j°'„ 



claw 



a. (0 857) ad.. Lake of Lino, May 71 (Meyer) . 205 55 50 68 — 



b. (0 856) Lake of Tondauo, June 71 (Meyer) . 192 — 48 70 41 



c. (Sarasin Coll.) (j^ ad., Lura Lake, 9. VIII. 95 200 50 50 68 42 



d. (Nr. 3170) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) .... 210 65 — 69 45 



e. (Nr. 3169) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) .... 204 — 48 69 44 



f. (Nr. 3171) ad., Gorontalo (Riedel) .... 200 — 52 72 43 



Eggs and nest. Eggs supposed to belong to this species are described as creamy white in 

 colour, 48 X 38 mm; found in nests built in long grass (small islands at Port Essing- 

 ton: Gould d 1). 



Distribution. Philippines (Cuming, Jagor, Everett, etc. c 5, c7, c S, cl4, c 15, 4); Borneo 

 (Grabowsky b 4, Vorderman c 12); Java (Horsfield a I, Wallace c 2, Vorderm.); 

 Sumba (fide Salvador! 4, Doherty b 11); Timor (Wallace 1, 4); Celebes — Mina- 

 hassa (Forsten c 2, Meyer c 9), Gorontalo Distr. (v. Rosenberg c 2, Riedel b 5), 

 Paguatt, Tomini Gulf (Rosenberg c 2), Liu-a Lake, S. E. Central Celebes (P.& F. S. 

 b 9, b 10), West Celebes (Doherty b 12), Macassar (Wallace 4); Moluccas — ? Am- 

 boina (Finsch a 2, el, 1); New Guinea (D'Albertis 1, Geisler 5, etc.); Australia 

 except the South (Gould b I, Ramsay c 13); New Caledonia (fide Verreaux, 

 Layard h 7); Fiji Islands (Rayner, Layard b 7). 



The Whistling Tree Duck — so called from the continuous whistling-noise 

 it emits when on the wing and from its habit of occasionally perching on trees 

 — is a resident in Celebes, as is proved by the circumstance that Rosenberg- 

 got a young one in down at Paguatt in July, 1864. According to Salvador i, 

 there are nine species of the genus Dendrocycna, spread over the warmer countries 



1) It is unfortunate that G. Cuvier has generally been cited as the author of this species. No de- 

 scription of his D. arcuata was ever published, and nobody knew whether it was D. jacanica (Horsf.) or 

 the present bird, and some authorities saddled the name on to the one species, some on to the other. As 

 Count Salvadori now shows, Cuvier evidently did not distinguish the two species at all. Neither did 

 Horsfield distinguish them as species, but by a piece of good luck he described one bird as D. javanica 

 and afterwards gave a picture of the other as D. arcuuta, and the names are now valid for the two birds. 

 But such confusion of the synonpny has resulted, that even Count Salvadori himself has scarcely succeeded 

 in unravelling it perfectly. 



