Birds of Celebes: Phalacrocoraoidae. §§7 



1883, XLHI, 197; (32) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 140; (33) Joest, Holontalo 1883, 

 106; (34) H.Parker, Ibis 1883, 194, 195; (35) Oust, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1882, Xin 

 art. 7, p. 7; (36) Cazin, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1884, XVni, 128; (37) C. Swinh. & Brns., 

 Ibis 1885, 138; (38) Tristr., Ibis 1886, 41 pt.; (39) W. Bias., Z. ges. Om. 1886, 

 175; (40) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1886, (2) IV, 617, (41) Vorderm., N. T. 

 Ned. Ind. 1886, XLVI, 240; (42) Gurney, Ibis 1887, 336; (43) Whitehd., Il5is 

 1888, 412; (44) Vorderm., N. T. Ned. Ind. 18S9, XLIX, 419; (45) id., ib. 188^, 

 L, 409; (46) Everett, J. Str. Br. R. A. S. 1889, 188; (47) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1889, 

 407; (48) Sharpe, Ibis 1890, 149, 285; (49) Steere, List Coll. B. & M. Pbilipp. 

 Is. 1890, 27; (50) Heine & Rchw. , Nomencl. Mus. Hein. 1890, 352; (51) Gates 

 ed. Hume's Nests and Eggs 1890, 274; (52) Sibree, Ibis 1892, 272; (53) Hose, 

 IbislS93,420; ^54;Buttik.. Zool.Erg. Weber's Reise 1893,111, 285; ^55; Wbitehd., 

 Exped. Kina Balu 1893, 32. 



"Dondohulu", Rosenberg, or "Tontohulu", Joest, in Gorontalo. 



For further references cf. Gates 30. 



Figures and descriptions. Pennant a I; Milne-Edwards & Grandid. ^XZ77(skel.); 

 Legge 24: W.A.Forbes 27 (stomach); Gates 30; Vorderman 31; etc. 



Adult. Head and neck tawny -olive -brown, streaked with black, most intensely on head 

 above and hind neck; a fine white line from forehead to behind eye; a white stripe 

 from suborljital region to nearly half-way dowai side of neck; chin and upper throat 

 wliite, with brown centres to most of the feathers; scapulars, wings and tail black, 

 spotted with silver-white on the shoulders, extending into broad mesial stiipes on the 

 scapulars; wing-coverts silver-white, edged ^vith black; back, rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, jugulum and under parts glossy black more or less tinged with greenish 

 or bro^\niish (Manado: v. Musschenbroek — C 5277). 



"Ii'is pearly wliite, with an inner and outer ring of yellow; bill with the upper 

 mandible brownish olive, paling into horny grey at the tip; under mandible yellow, 

 changing into greyish green at the base; legs and toes bluish; inside of tarsus and 

 webs yellowish; toes dusky at the tips" (Legge 24). 



Female. Resembles the male, but "the neck is more fulvous; the black on the chest is bor- 

 dered by a yellowish band which extends up the neck, and the streaks on the upper 

 plumage are yellowish" (Gates 30). 



Nestling. Covered with wliite down. 



First plumage. The assumption of the earliest dress is well described by Legge (24); in 

 the first plumage the black feathers of the under-parts have pale tips, the white stripe 

 on the face and neck is only indicated, the scapulars, though lanceolate, are short 

 and have fulvous margins. 



Observation. Gne of our specimens from Celebes — apparently a female — has the abdomen 

 dull umber -brown, perhaps a result of attrition of the black ends of the feathers 

 (Manado, March, 1871: Meyer — 2008). 



Measurements. Wing 345 mm; tail 260; tarsus 40; middle toe and claw 72; exposed cuhnen 

 79 (ad.: Manado — C 5276). 



Eggs. 3—5. "The eggs resemble those of the known GraculiLs-sipecies, are wliite, with a 

 chalky coating, seen against the hght grey. They measure 56—57 X 35—36 mm" 

 (Nehrkorn MS.). See also Whitehead 43, Hume 51. 



Nest. Gf small sticks, a firm structure, lined with leaves. The bird breeds in colonies, in 



low trees round the water (Whitehead 43). 

 Distribution. India (Jerdon, Hume, etc. a I, 10, 14, 15, 24, 37); Ceylon (Legge, etc., 

 24, 34); Burmah (Gates 30, Fea 40); Tenasserim (Davison 21); China (f. Bonap. 8); 



