11—1854. ] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 171 
Й site to my own on гово — inm Liverpool reor this may account for ^ hati is — а good deal of Pam T young of Tempe even the rudi- 
of ihe British Associat sE in mn, and discuss t e high qms of mpm se things with which they are now coón- 
whole matter. I would be. Aim willing to take the m present relatively to "ihe average price of Wheat, as | versa ei j tenths e mechanics in this 
storm of January last for illustrating the MN of Mr. |eompared with their relative prices in other years. country are as mentally superior to the smaller farmers 
Redfeld's views, or any other which «Е. P. B. M. n Jan. 7, for example, with the returned average of аз the improved Berkshire pig is physically to its long- 
might select, ‘T have been led to think that the very | Wheat at 765. 2d., the price of the quartern loaf, аз you |'eared; = ж. чөт ancestor. · When our glory and 
general a 
ssent which bas been given to the EY report for London, and I find also in Essex, was ls. and | ness are boasted of, it is^ with-shame and sorrow that 
theory in this country bas done nof а little to retard | 1s. — while, in May 1847, ууч” the average price of ; the condition of the agricultural population forces itself 
he Y. сай of metano. Wheat at 105s., we paid only ls. 1d., and, in some eases оп my mind. Still it'is interesting to consider the 
v attention was M eroro at the West End , 1s. 2d. per шаа, It is observable | various circumstances which һауе еа '1о the wide dif- 
i : : 4 з 
direction. These pipes frequently choke, and а force scel а bushel, 88s. a quarter, while here our|shall find the origin of the different paths à 
pump being used, the long hair-like filaments аге pd S are peae enbly IL for the! loaf, in relation | since pursued. The towns sprang up in spite of, rather 
‘driven cut with violence, and the choking removed. |to Wheat tat 10s. 6d. the bushel. Brentwood. а owing to, the encouragement ог proteetion of the 
On earefully examining in a large tub of water the mass ences.—1I — with Mr. - ay in mo uet of the general, great proprietors. Аё first, few and defenceless, 
“thus extracted, I found it to consist of numerous fila- | rules he lays down for the manageme «Ф of young Thorn | were геч to shelter themselves under. the banners of 
i саде к 
ing very many yards. There did not appear to be any | I would delay till the end of the second by which. m means | through the spirit of commerce, they were not long in 
rootlet, but as far as it was possible to trace the mode of a much stronger growth will be secured, and a yr 2 | elaim: ing the rights of freemen; and, by union and 
1 riy, erful 
growtb, the filaments appea o spring one from |fence sooner attained ; and instead of cutting at 6 inc courage; rapidly acquired liberty, becoming а powerf 
"another in straight parallel lines, and it would seem to | above the e— a I would нн 20 as near == | body in the state, useful to the monarch in helping him 
d ágai jecting the filaments | ground as ров This obviates what sometimes | keep the nobles in check, and replenishing his coffers in 
ee 
‘to a powerful micro roscope it was discovered that they happens when е are eut higher, that is, the shoots time of need. The towns thus fo 1 
copiously in bloom, although quite undiscoverable | being broken off by à cte or m accidents ; - а | | corporate bodies acquired freedom. in action, andthe 
by the cd eye. е blossoms were white, of a further security against this, I generally draw а іе of thinking and acting 
pearly lu erect, but very — It so happens | earth to the bottom өг the stems after they have на a | Contrast with this the position of the eultivators of the 
that кава. similar iy situated on a dry limestone | footor two; indeed, it may be done with safety before mi 'soil. The serf or villein was an animalas eompletely:a. 
5. is supplied with water by pipes from а c cmi push at all. а мчч —— if eutover, eloseto ог a | slave as any now in bondage in the southern states ; Ме 
g hill at n wo the ^ed met Е Berry Ше below the surfa: ace, cleaned, the empty writ (received а viser к — ~ — : of 
Pahi eroy. On king inqui s there, s found |w ге] dug vá meme I worked in, the wants made up | rendering an eno and was tied to the soil 
"that the water вош into M^ сн of en twi falls | with good healthy ы, and well attended to after- | tn completely as "inei өтөө n ile the latter, 
"into a tank or reservoir, which stores it t for the use o war з will soon сочар as good fences as those raised | his chattels and his at were at the y of his lord. 
"the inhabitants, "That the pipe conveying the water | from t Thorns, whereas, if 5 at some M from | The barons of England have e à ; 
“does not touch the surface of the stored wes and con- | the ce, they may grow for a time, but.the old part they malgoverned exist only in the annals of history; but 
sequently the filamentous or thread-like weed does not [е wir m decay paps w wi ecl and total death | the marks of the feudal chain yetremain, and many of the 
ascend, and choke the pipes. You т черан then, воо Mr. May's remarks refer of course to laws and у 
шау take advantage of this Pitumiecime to prevent the | kedges Planted o on the surface, except in gardens; nur- | down unrepealed from those days, forming а fatal elog 
nuisance complained of ; for if his drain pipes are clean | series, or pleasure grounds ; they are gebésiity planted to every effort to place agriculture: upon а footing with 
апа free, it will suffice to make a onarma fall of | in this neighbourhood où the face of a bank, dug from a other manufactures. Itis true they are not often taken 
14 or 2 feet at the a: of the flow pipe, which will | shallow ditch; G: == 4, Kilmarnock. advantage of, but when they аге; great is the evil. "Опе 
prevent the filaments from Ped v and choking his!  Soap.—0On February 11, “С. S.C.” again asks a | eustom: still remains, мечен ird bears very 
drain pipes. Pilos. receipt for making soap with snow. Aso one has yet се our remarks, may be mentioned. . In: enses where 
cology and Agriculture days, when agri- had the mne to pem regan him on this very important | yearl y agreements с the contraets g à farm, 
culture is regarded аза эбет дү” шг, and chemistry subject, i he absen f more scientific communica- | it is the law that a tenant desirous of leaving and giving 
and engineering are held up to us as her crutches, we | tions, ын the following incident will give ор as | алабот noties, i is unable to recover a farthing forall 
are apt to sop that there is another 'science to which | much information as he are to obtai the improvements he may have made. Under such.a 
1 is deeply indebted, mei geology. end old-fashioned йш нед к= нчы ago, » when зуна vint есийн with a "m — would be 
It is not hit" iat the importance of geology is over- | 4 deep'snow lay on the ground, i current in the | mad enough to risk more Capital than he can help ? 
“looked by scientific и. t е ттт works of MAD Leva p prd of Ireland. this атанат of snow pim | Here pran there we do find pate — of sel саша 
‚ Joh army, to whom pa with іу vas еы goo fortable 
from these that geology атн her slight, it is teh le economy in all Moon "apre was more matter | stock, &е,; and i is езе ме shall erally 
the practical farmer; he speaks with due gratitude of | of life and dea obe n half а doze асире igns in Spain find such land is rer rur rdi long leases. The land- 
the chemist, who has opened to him rich sources of|had been, and w epkea er ran ahead, seized | lord, a man of property and shrewdness, 
fertility in new artificial manures, and has taught him with delight ^d ане to пне llb. of soap | to day out where. he сап insure a good rate of in- 
е4 to make the most of those already at his command; |i nes 8 * Wife of my b says he, * send at once ! and ntly improve his property. The 
xx 
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he is not unthankful to the engineer, whose genius bas |for iit pdt sof de» “шү” teper, ud E tenant, a man*of capital, with а ' -account at 
1 eost of wisi ' improvei nts in his | prudent woman, “let us try first the e pound e іп țthe - ;bank, - which - at -all To таутан to a 
d by сасе s , | the house." Down goes the pot, 71 enses he 
“of all surplus water he Tae s am the PO of gathered into it, and the pound of soap, cut into ribbons | goes“ vie p „арен ^os Up p 
i Bushe’. ping ine, is added. | long lease, 
tèristics and physical properties vol his soil, "Qiféets him | The pot simmers, bubbles, boils, well stirred, and closely "ав nd pope that èx- 
where and at what depth he may expect to find marl, | watched by my poor sub. and his wife; it thickens | haustion of the ночо ота е riter which-is 
lime, or other minerals, who by his maps indicates where | beautifully, and the viscid mass is quasi soap. & Oh "|too frequently practised. .In order to ensure good 
he will find such a y^ ав will suit him, and by com- | says Mrs. Prudence, * it will do," and, in great trepida- tenants there must be landlords, tbat is men 
“paring districts of a like geological character, ean tell | tion lest this pro Mop ien should carry off the snow, | possessed of eapital who will invest freely when а 
him what plants are кау to succeed bestin any given | she despatches instanter a poor shoeless drab to ihe return is ensured. а tenant can be ben to: 
' distri e advantages which nt farmer is | next market town for ie half stone of wes Itarrives well under a beggared'landlord, om am estate y 
very apt to forget, PA obably because he does not avail | just in time ; a 4-stone pot is on the ready to wid | mortgaged, whieh, uie is too often). ме ense, . ‘For 
himse of them to that exten Nice hemight. Geology |it; all goes on well. The poor sub., FWhó is something | such diseases the remedies must be severe. The 
"erred фе. study of w the agriculturist would | of à. carpenter, sets to work *y knocks up boxes {о bered Estates Act has worked most berefeially in 
great value to bim, and yet one which he receive the emollient mass. = s are filled, the soap | od E here ? -Ву this means the land 
Habitual eire C. D. B. firms, it is cut into bars, and mt away on shelves in a get into hands capable of developing its resources. 
Measurement and Weight of Cattle.—1t would, in my | dry room ; it is de like any new soap as one чац is like With the seen landlords the under-capital farmers. 
opinion, be of. great importance t the feeders of stock | another. The and his wife are delighted; а sum- would disappear. Education having lént her valuable 
, Eenerally, and more especially so to young farmers, were | mer's supply of неч from only 7 lbs. Só far, А well. aid, we should at length see {һе land dome justice to, 
they to pay attention to the instrüetions laid down in | Washing day comes. © Mistress, this is but weak soap; and this country uu at last be. with reason proud 
" Morton's « Cyelopzdia" for estimating the value of | itmakes very poor lather ni suds are no good," Оһ, of her agricultural c 
Stock by measurement. I have in several eases сош- | the prejudiees of € poor ignorant creatures! бий! Agricultural Tibor уз. Л has been the ае 
e it Ms — plan of measurement in which I |in future washings the mets hold good. "Тһе object of mmis pedes 
had hitherto placed great confidence, but have in-| summer comes ; d soap is well dried, firm, and hard |time to time, to ascertain opm К?ч 
“variably foubd wart's to be the most aceurate, І ріуе} аз any old soap; but,alas! it is also reduced to its find а remedy, for r degraded Pul Er f the адис 
two cases, thoùgh not such as to approach the dimen- | original bulk and weight—thë enow-water has all passed labourer. Benefit societies, parish clübs, 
Sions of that beautiful animal referred to in a late|off in the slow. process of evaporation. It is very clothing societies, and every possible fui aad GOMA. 
number of the Miei. yet they ica be the means f | possible that it is now лабид ае o gather be ; while some 
1 "P 
indücing others to ve recourse to this mode of ascer-|and it may be too trying to “C. S. C.'s” patience to 
taining e value of stoc rket. | wait-till next year ; it may, ncm be some comfort 
{ 
1 
1 
The Жанм она ӨГ. the first venter ap feet | 2 ips. ;|to him, the assurance that he has only to rest on his! 
zirth, 93 inches ; then having taken tbe Anika of the | oars till the Ist of April when he may collect 7 lbs. of out success 
: t into account, the weight was eng o 79 stones rain-water to his pound of soap, and then d 
_ 11 Tbs. ; the actual weight, the day after being killed, with my poor sub. е =» wife in their sa ction; for ' 
„Was 78 stones 4 lbs. ; difference, 7 "hs The second | his rain soap vil be just as good as 
сазе v Г i . M. Go „ы 
4 
io 76 sto eig ones; rogress of Agriculture and Commerce.— 
te, e ag bot was * coming ry every element of success is studied, etiam of | last, by 
Three years old? Те uote more in- | design is seen 
ces where the total difference between weighing an possibly be converted to an 
: IU Оев 14 bó, bat ЧИШ Gly AAT ҮН Husterable ! miwatiio, квга шегетин ML to 
"the person to whom the two beasts in question were sold, | realise а fair return for their са с мир And йе eno 
w in mi € : emallest 
mains 
of their produce is remar! d снна 
weighed, E Mr. Geo. Stephen- | possibl 
м fterwar possible margin even with the 
оп, butcher, Маскеу Yorkshire. MEE ^d profits. How is it that co онно енг rH аш ed to 
d suggest, in ымын 
—1Ї woul ts present gigantie genie Д while agriculture is still so | exclu io: 
“ће valuable eim of the last harvest, published {естш d! Desire an igi- 
"No, 2 of the Agricultural Gazette, e the weight of ae i 
“Brain, ym r of the Wheat, wo j 
ht of the 
bur directly Y ec Virtus чт I du ain of Wheat be this 
quite a& deficient in we ААД 
