244 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [APRIL 15, 1 
has suggested another view | In fact they are turned to other purposes, for as the respirato? EE 
in the fertilising reaction of "ammonia, the e hydrogen, as as | -from the soil. ы — feuption Ie € ато Qon OC она ERU ED pira 
well as the nitrogen, is assimilated, Уа probably not be [agarda of noti the "food which ought naturally to support | it are constituenta of 
doubted ; but when we cons ider t Grass (to tak H y for а rotation depende n: й he мена, it, those 
. H. H? " i 25 t. nitr exhaustion not so much of pf inorganic constituents of the their place, and a wasteful expenditure of food is t in 
J. H. H.'s example) си only уз 25 por cen n it ы soil, аз of its nitrogen, His experiments have led hím to the | The he experiments of the en nw Society show that PX uence, 
en З ammonis, er cent. hydrogen = conclusion that nitrogen s an ni constituent of the fed to their full extent on hay alone, and that s sheep ot аа 
d consequently that an acre of green 
i 
it is tial to | ti 
urnip, while it i: — nera ia of ticular breed which when fed on hay. reach а weight of 90 i" 
ammonia, an 
; А1 m ls gene у. f| acquire an additional 10 Ibs. by Ше 
(say 10 tons) 22,400 lbs. would арни 224 x 14 lbs, — | the more exhausting Wheat, and to the cerea e Turni y use of concentrated 
4 : Р, | Further, that hay is not favourable to the production ү food, 
3136 lbs. of ammonia to supply the hyd o аще contraste but.simply that ven: — in the soil or derived а: the air | that the grains, and especially Каре and Linseed саш, fat, but 
with 224 x 0:3—67.2 lbs. to supply the nitrogen, proba- (in the form of a nia or nitrié acid) is sufficient for its re- | surpass it. Experiments on cows have a o'sliomm thak 
bilities will appear stron in favour of ^» atter ; and | quirements. But E t with Wheat, not only must — gen z к. ме; pons аке Even in the food produces an [timi i of 3 Ib. v 
ion in ni oda p | in the manure, but in & quantity ou* and that with milk, 
се Te - — ЛЕ mo of 8004» exemplified ; portion to the quantity — ШУ the plant ; in other words, double that quantity, оту on.the average, Ва etika produte 
Dr. Anderson's address in No. 13 (204 c, at foot), the | that only a small proportion of t! THE highest effect ари — produte 
nitrate being the more effeetive of the two, the intense | its appearance in the plant, the vest idi ing dis: sipated i in some "p 'm | daily, but this quantity is too high if butter is ELT 
ik $ her. that plants | or other. Mr. Lawes, founding on certain experiments which | acquires a disagreeable flavour; but when the mi ; ct, agit 
green that ike produce ; and further, that p gr ilk is tbe 
n uh "88 d il believes that the nitrogen | this quantity may with safety be employed prius 
ght о ol bay; 
iv ma 
show that plants exhale nitrogen, A " ет 
ТӘ М > > which has г ed [m actually undergone this pro ocess. In| mi ilk, Rape- -cake cannot be replaced by doublo: ita 
quantities of hydrogen, by aid = A little nitrate of Frame so (if I do dicere чү D рт it acts, 50 to speak, РЬ ъа. 
sodá, and по Tar the inference appears as a carrier of. сав „that that the paie which in nitrogen, it will produce three times ; the nutritive СӘ 
questionable that th e hydrogen is I by the water, |! 1 br geriet ad Brice xperiments оп {һе mutritive yalue of R Мб 
ánd that tb ie itrogen, mr suc been followed byan inquiry into its EAren upon 2 үле 
J mg pariy | as а 25 p ence, the verser whi ch contain in their seeds this it appears that when given to sheep, not for the рї 
of plant, Py perhaps also for |a lar arge quantity of such compounds, require th g fattening, but in small quantity and a part of their-wintér 
exciting its growth, in а way somewhat an logous to — AH this vi ^ - ш Th quently exhaust ата not Bue than 1 1-6th ui фа original quanti 0 
: A ; пе во ounding upon this view, һе ‘points out tha appears during the nutritive process, ап 
stimulation. Prof. Lepus says (Lectures, p. 37, 24 which , when grown for , iei, Босоо | Qe ot g the p e "The y 
edit.) that hay contains 51 cent. hydrogen, and 1*5 | it does not require nitrogen, becomes a weed" crop when | is similarly increased; for as 1 lb. of Каре-са 
ha ins a large qua angit y of oil, and | milk containing only 1-81 ot the nitrogen of the eake, the. 
hence requires the expenditure of that element. In ngenious ав | T-Sths must manifestly appear in the dung. 
i i fi it can i i i in 1 
page of Drains.— пе 
terested by the perusal of the communications of several | s im ye 
corresponde nts on this subject and as I am a sufferer, efr of coe Шоу проп e I think, Men doe: nue piyesta i u nay бете, i one of 
yat we can scarcely admit as a general fact tl ments where, in 14 days s. of Rape-cake gave ? 
гер from а — se to же : cuts seen st&ted, по require nitrogenous manures. Mr. Lawes’ experiments, no | 62168. liv Tue nd at the в same time 38 Iis. simi M 
take p ig tn f laying Ыз and | doubt, giva this result. ui s very certain that the experience «d case the R .8 lbs: 
p ne кту as = ж, [vy 
have fan p не and, | giano, Y of чашм trogen us class—the different condition e n of | to.speak, a phen for so 86on às (he 
* б | climate, no t, being the cause of the difference. Anc weight Mite sahara to к this mode. oF feedin is а ie 
which, when 1 came in anis э in 1051, = was in à most | illustration ot this distinction, I may mention a fact 'communi- | that portion oFnitr rogen necessary fi milk is: n: 
tched state, and as full of water as it was possible | cated to me by an extensive manure manufactura, of scientific | the remaining, "Stha pass into the rit "x "It is manifest, however — | 
for land to be. My landlord, Sir W. W. W ynne, Bart., acquirements. „Не manufactures large quantities of superphos-| that it must, in an economie point of view, be the ai m of the 
j to drain i | 
-conaen r me, an gs ia dingly Ме зна pl аар ‚апа he assured. me that when sent to n: to obt né Ше greatest кран! БӨРЕ 
h й e south o Eng in the state of "m and this the е 
Green (an experie rson whom he employs) and иду it, while us very same substance in Scotland prov ed st effected by combi ning tlie Rape-cake with po 
his staff were sent over to commence operations, Тһе uccessful, and m. had found it эз чш дагу to add а | extremely poor i but йк instead abundance of 
Eg 
main drain or outlet was put in 600 or 700 yards in a >= nti on of ammonia, or some other nitrogenous matter, to T the respiratory elements... Such are the: ditio 
— line with. donble tiles, forming adapt faraha | superphosphate | E for the Scoteh ma ket. aiei a 5, aran tp m'these-veťy pu enn 
{ ite, but varies | that they аге equall ortent to scien 
water, 11} by 5) inches, and from 6 to 9 feet deep ; from | to а much greater extent than we were at one time inclined to | agrieulture А —Á— 
? ins^ re put in, in other directio öns, admit, Te the influence of Өр, and sx. en other circum- MÀ o 
o Mr ' idea is, we ought, I think 
to {ар Ше banks of. the elevated иц adjoining, the | ү, говара our judgment , 5 i 
8 g nd it th f > 
of the same sized tiles, witir others озор. our judgn i: and await the result of further experi AMebírtus. 
of and 4-ineh pipes, with furrow drains of 3inch |^ [е [e of Animals, —So extensive and elaborate 
Present. Prices of A ынай, Seeds, wit 
Cultiv ve By Sutton and m "den i em 
1 : 4 | u them. The in Reading, Berks. 
main culvert discharging at afurious rate two-thirds full | taken place may be divided into two classes—first, the Tuis tract, which i is essentially, of -— an advertise- 
of water, and theland by the spring of 1852 had become | determination of the chernieal composition of the ment of the авї и tural seeds for 7 Mess. 
e than a mere puc of: names 
it 
айе sound and dry, а so unti] tbe thaw of | different * {апе d ttl d, d, | Sutton, is much m 
P weis fall of snow wehad i in the beginning of January experi me sott lia tlie ges ar xen на апа рг бо, and we are permitted 
yaad - day walking aeross the land I found that hof e sol eee SN |. | extracts; which furnish rea useful information atthe 
t | invariably measured l by the uantit of nitro, en it contains nd 
at examination was suspended, but [Чи many cases they h quam g and | seed s cre varies pe pep in 
there w i of the LE I sent over fü d have been | pP resent season 
Mr. bon, but we found the land so charged with water founded « on M s view, v 2 -— = эеле di фи ities hs p y the. Acre.— ma 
hat the b "абыш 
— wn per 
eventually it was found that the large culvert was half | tion of that element, Of Е, te же Ћауе seen reason greatly to | DUE the following sg table m 
filled with a yellow i чачы e as enclosed sample, | limit this E. 
е ndi ple, | limit this vie н, id А 8 w believed that the nitrogen only | ordering seeds, p uano is Аб кй it, the quanti 
and although perfectly d loose in the pots, it had | | forms a corre Жы “ the Satire focding Alpe А of se sim ust be in ka ased, ав — will be PESE | 
fi in tity às to stop the bread ot! pustahan a allied d characters. Мыр, this limited sense, Mr. | the S iw h Turnips acre; ^" | 
А ; А ot e results are t. L| 
water in the mains. Orders were given to open holes | question, however, that the want of iio d Саро pa p jarge. Turnips, 2 to 81bs.; Doble Tornat 108.5 Rape, ʻi 
Fe 20 (*g P coc ya each other, à cord was | с emt = of ше, Wit aT i deyi (starch, sugar, &c.,) is to йу” ; Ми» — ха 24 lbs. ; Mangold va 
owered the stream from on | be ed, and though no me t which : ‚ ( 
s у. ав Шева чё the сна ‚© = of. Holly or » f determinations with high REY, "iem Erie и. Dee. spargi eni Parsnip eie 
г ез dk by uu Mdh vim x dad tuf libi. all tbe | nece 8 v ve A {0 serve all practical purposes, The ex peti- Aa д. transplant), (5 0 NA 
, дуй , u we f е, е ame d ave pen бай on animals during the last few plant), 1 lb. ; Kohl Rab, dr rilled, 4 he 5 
were clean rrow drains were eie s е for their extent and elaborate character. | inearnatu: . 90 to Toi, i 
s especially, agriculture is deeply indebted for 
ки тес, u wW 4 
poked with long róds fastened together, and thus all, m, 20 t ; 
: : m ) à series о rimen АВ t but. Tti 1 bli н à, Furze, for... feed 12. lbs. 
CROEGUG CO р». „ы е - c ates ecd заета сз 
*, T iu pM „А e T " 3 $ ? eth 
{Ше land in many places, about 1 or 2 feet importent Ве о experiments has Bean: mbjertaken ру. the ks hels Buck son 
the pipes in the drains, and I find that some Leipsic Eè Economie Society, which have been directed in some | 207121100, XB MO 
c ее ite clean about Ap Гама T elucidation of different’ points from those or| seed for flax, 24 bushels ; mp vr $ 
ms rescindi tte r. Lawes (е eomp i els to which I $liall refer are | peeks ; Maize, "o 2 peeks ; ; Beet, 6 lbs, n 
those аера attening qualities of diHerent| — « Jnstruelions for th LOMA, of ди, оте 
а be 
| 
breeds of sheep. Lawes’ experiments. ha = | 
med, | confined to three ol be Hamoir ўл пер его Carrot seed shoul M | 
жаш р ЕКЕ | ее һе lást appear | before the third week of ʻA рг, | 
, па e n re of. ү H К : D 1 
4 either of ' е others; for itis гон pu iy of xe vow ferite until the temperature of the earth is | 
arrive at is, what is the nature of th { фев d 408 viue 
, е of the osit? Isit һау, an .Ibs; Swedes., In thi | EA ў 
likely m м will percolate out of the pr (where I Loud [me puer of the T E this in comi Айе: kl ; will show plainly 5 
iking ж СЭ г that the I ing up quick : 
year or been i rein for very many years) in а is a much: MAE "breed than ерер > dom. anarie ag vom weight of drills are "A allow of eii one oer is 
us for some length of time? Y шош 2. wl] | the Sunser, 9 ston d i 8:18 stone ;ef | important point in the cultivation of this crop. дй 
confer а great favour on e aata езше 7З: Ййсч се ыя RAS meat, fetehes bes "ches а loser prion ia t (lie ү: ut E T. how Rabi saang adopted for attaining the 
is no doubt ferrugi cand of the kind indiested by weight. notet jnteretin ао арч жо, Fu t 
Mr. Parkes їп his Newcastle lecture. Rain water will | much A кийсенер, р (a ime gn, ou ie the неее sowing ; this i 
dissolve oxide of iron in a vegetable soil, Bot the af Siva vel weight towards the close of the fatteuing: К. ^ Iu the the 
te protoxide of iron еы in| fel) ea Pus miel; me 
earbonate of the which is th "M 20 weeks, nearly half as much more 
solution, is decom on coming in eon e ie. first. [90 piado d n е — — 
ir in the drain—the iron higher state of |!nerease in live weight i w Mer dope r^ ps foed- much by the 
oxidation, which it could not do in the veg soil— ocio E Sn. MM OUS and other | When this practice is 
peroxide thus formed, bein qu in water sabati ^d particular attention to tbe effect of the | put into the sand earl 
cde reri Rider оа ааыа ею deem | е Нана wil De 
persevering exposure to the air. (and by. re bh! кыа, nent, and most iyw d га? bl , which spoi 
ef lime, which will * engage " 4 acids likely to dis- fod is most highly itrogenom an and wi VIDE draw the -— consider the former Mu of sowing in 
solve it and any 4 it intò the rigen faeilitate the | should De jus perm эч) үч garden а чы t n (not earlier (han the third. wee 
perfect oxidation of A ry ба нө protoxide.] | would appear that this diminished rate of merces ТОШ A qase. te piece of tin 
: нана ыле га т apparent than real, for Mr. Lawes has steal d best means of depositing the ed | 
the end of tbe ftemimg ihe increase contains ec considered too tedious, а drill may bé Usb MUR 
Soritfits. - EL os ; 5 не p At; » pé жине 1 т а isatien їїйей with | being mixed with the seed." Lo eid p 
- Hic : à weight does not aecurately represent the nens gain inlive| e Instructions for the  Cultivatum of “Mangold 
HLANDANDA eRICUETURAL.- ndersows Adáress ЕХ о is also inferred from the sspéHimente that ths | Wurzel. — b ode of sowing e 
{сөминеб from ES Mutui T 7 Oropa — Since the s trai eed Ар sd pcm AN они E urzel seed is with the dril 
on of.our « ormer to jrodues 100 Түр і! арреатв that the consumption of the | economies], however. s папу 
Ме е ті x EUM Ге бы тее аса oscillated а the different d 
tbe € (dus X and Matt geo Dei i of | SXperiments within very narrow limits, while the quantity óf but if this plan. is adopted, саге mi m 
cause of their. has become more difficult | gre. af le ie n rns sas › sometimes three times as | the seed more {һап half an done below 
i as 
simple. tis familiar to лү cte rar Быт да ents оп the whole strik- | will be sowed fron 
necessity for а rotation has been тепайу. ыр" эч ай ip ing ir ilustrate t the pon physiologie principle - f thero m st April Gl middle of Máy, 4 if sawn laté 
t crops, extracting different ino inorganic constituents ue » for in some cases thelatter were йу Tw Shen qe .Af вой 
y deficient, soaked in water for & few | 
'5 | them the nitrogenons substances do not produce the den amdin | аро ux rd жен, af April iia able to ECT 
