m 
‚ but in по other Em 
send here 
33—1854.] 
ТНЕ RSRIOULTURAE GAZETTE. 
þe in hot water all the 
aptam O 
where stee mą; 
нит Nr ga nimi tract from the 
year го т Here we commence our ех{гас 
more 
combing, the sorting, t the s ing, the weaving, the 
bleaching, & на the fii а are e Mat ~ е, 
i&uiturs : mstance, 
unt v of ай eu apnéss 
labour to the first above processes, 
steeping, thë otc and die sages of 
and the first “ама of the 
almost 
de ihe 
traw, 
whic? ari navei in сте 
ура 
ntry. Th © 
heat die to water by the а 
the aei Marta к" uld not be got up ; and 
Ted that, as the steeping was, of necessity, 
а Е, loca im 
ing xA cw ing— rming op 
tions also. , Now, it is well known, that it is only by ou 
e second | m 
hand, if t 
e straw were denm 
ficiently discharged, and 
moderate blows sufficed wi remove the woody matter ; 
was 
ity deteriorated, 
exercise of the 
eare and judgment had үт the -— e to 
most A pily egi fermen 
о 
grea 
trim 
—]1. zing an 
pletely « cleansed i fermented straw, that the objection 
to k's hot-water system, arising from the putrid 
~“ to 
inan y g In th 
rb we have been able to undersell them iudi y 
much, then] 
and | & 
impen ' - hes коа. эң. а satisfactory yield o of fibre м 
J. Adulterations of guano, and mode ef WI 
abu most benefited by guano, and crops 
ugh 
гъ Substitutes forg ' guano. 
ance, and im 
^. 
эс 
b. ‚Guano i is found in ab 
нй ү? Feds л; the straw, and flying off from | and south of Southern America, hence the terms d 
the straw in dust in ching at once opone ; and vian Pa mer 
hence the 1 see d hot-water steeping resumed e 9 re seem to be the 
work, an ent now exists to steeping being following ı deserving af rig whieh are excessively 
r -carried on al ermentation need | varied in composition—the Peruvian, Ше «E 
ca eyond x perfectly safe point, and | S ldanha- Bay, and the Patagoni iffering according to 
e | hence the fibre is not weaken 3. The woody matter | the place from whence ү аге › shi ippod. . There мн. 
18 ет тар blows of the scutching | many v -— of these, b 
е foreigner can E and 
raw more cheaply than we сап; 
and when we have iid it, sorted it, and -M it into 
yarn, е у been rted, the foreigner 
ean weave the exported yarn into linen, bleach it, and 
finish it as eheaply as we can. In the r par 
that is, the growing and roughly preparing the ra 
ial —they xcel us; in the middle we far excel 
them ; and, in latter parts, the weaving and 
n 
uud rem 
e 
х и, remains no 
the sticky matter no longer aN 
t d of 
ned is of a singularly sin 
нн mue Suv 
5. sequent pro of. 
реу" facilita itai, oiai it isthe por sich: remains 
e, which r esists the action of bleaching чыр? 
et d r Mr. Pownall's process the gluten i 
| 
ved. 
due that with Mr. ужары enden 
onger any natura. с E to the 
earrying out of the great principle, the great ешеш of 
cheapness, the division of Jabour ; $ tiom ng to preyent 
the farmer from w produce, and 
18 
hing, 1 
; producing l6 per ce 
ре |” "Ан. ы 
other Ra, 
ubte 
e seen e. grea 
position ; it has РА much less subjec 
effects of rai ain, but i 
the depth of the 
independent of any after- 
a. Quan 
amm 
amount of phosp 
alkalies, ав rt and p and heir salts, 
A e of "ka ја: Стр should be ex- 
55—60 per cent. of organi omaia, 
)monia on snp 
wt Aai oÈ 
ected to APR i irom 
8—19 o quie matters та: 6—7 o 
re Шап 1 
m 118 in | sii du more), and no 
le containing these yt: ane constituents 
uab 
hus use is hr usi mal | and in B Коро ОРИ» would indicate Peruvian . 
are, they | food, cannot fail to refertilise the land that ЖАНЫ it. noti more value than a any. other, but. pound salts of 
ing pro н rin iple of — But h there is nger any natural im 5 Hm р valuable 
on o die s x E out ; "Ru" ^ the n artificial one—an impedi m created ебет. д еш. p M 
machinery wil Esed, all nts of c eap- law or unlimited liabilit 3, тне» һу far more.so than ай RA el other guanoR pr itis 
пе оц = m тее im industry, ineluding the | gen of p z the Gene ind o a of vis wil ores of greater v 1 value; 4 стела 
>” св. r one roof, will be o Мы last sore e aid s ekige” i. E phrase is), ыба an vari less a ; of ammonia is well. 
action sumes to go shai s erbe y in raising i ога b, Een T enia v ta V 
‚яе еви three or (ne ers one es. RUD à vd petri E becoming iore guano еч 
' successful. _“ The desire to grow. long ресей the agri- 
ion. nk, who conceived the cm eultural community, And lately it has become quite a 
ping in water eially 1 : , of eourse, passion. All farmers know the of the seed for 
involved the possibility of steeping al year round, | feeding, and of the fibre for manufacturing purposes. | e 
and out tent for it. The idea was plausible, | AI feel tbat they could make excellent use of ds seed 
and many mills were erected in Ireland rry it out, | at home, by erushing it, making it into compound with | has 
but it was not fou angw wo practical objec- | other food less rich—fattening their animals —enriching 
tions present emselves t one, that the fibre appeared | their man d re-fertilising their 4 wh 
to be weakened by ot-water fermentation, which | аге they to do with the straw? Nob dy will buy it. | were the a of superp 
seemed almost always to e' gone too far; and th uable as itis, capable of being converted into fibre| Saldanha y variety is AR pandit either of 
, that a nost offensive matfer adhered to the straw, | worth 501, 607., 807., and even 1007. a ton, still nobody | ihe above. ia p frequently хи unt of. 
and, when th had been dried aud the seutehing | will bu it, because there is no ripis c Сеч eg geo Fon h like i inferior eons situm RO & pro- 
commenced, the scutchers сої not the smell of | mill within cartage distance. As traw | сро of 8 bera pts 
the dust which flew off, The t m "lax, ir position is what zu Sila bó | mna bo orien iar aee shenper, it 4 m “frequently ду paye- 
that dnd Steeping was. ре abandone corn, if there were no Е E e it ow vell The Patagonian likewise 
other movement 1 vance ч. the substi- y or 100 miles ; only that in some cases as from vents pom per cent. soto gypsum 
tton. of seutching by ae indi, moved by water or|the case of corn, they cart i Ta mil d the оу ы enel i nda E у меме, le 
wer, for scutehing by d; which was so and valuable part, the seed, and k bulky par 
successful that. Acts 2 Parliament were passed to | {е straw, at home ; whereas, in the case of Flax, their 
ili putti p scutching mills ; many have | object is to keep the non-bulky part, the seed, at home, 
been put Эрулан ар in course x erection, and сагі away the р € LM It is obvious that this 
* Both these. emen the right direction, | cire e difficulty is t to be overcome but in one 
and in. е. most (ome part, use in that part, | way, to be Шакы fir the old proverb, * If the moun- 
wherein foreigners had the advantage ; but the failu in won't come to Mahomet, — must Ls £o the 
К жо Кы dye: Pr A hot E pner the | mountain ; in o words, as the straw t be 
rio eai ENS cir et S, 
mun T TET TERNOS T 
VAS this j шеше, lish рит» a Mr. 
Pownall, in : i Patineta 
› niade а most valuable discovery, as 
ible to over-estimate. the «ы of 
р аве 
straw, 
5595 gluten: was 
the woody. jun of o pu dcm RU 6 to | 
, thàt nothing short of violent 
instrum 
Eng 
using in отк o arm 
idesof obtaining fro from Flax а fibre iat edd spin on 
сооп machiner 
other 
— y the -— to the distant mill, the mill «Ам 
to the 
E But how is this to be brought about ? The farmer 
get 
and steeper have long been trying to er ; the 
s | farmer saying to the › ‘if you will put up a mill 
near me, I will grow the Flax ;' and the steeper reply- 
ing,' No ; if you will grow the Flax,I will pu "p the 
mill; but neither has been willing to . Àt is 
t to begin— Qt a 
E 
and whenever he has, Flax culti 
has followed diei and e 
dien A is to get him to begin." 
of the address is 
К 
e res the cement 
t Stock Coney, having" *the above рас in ө” 
hich is cl 
Е early matter for "publieation, not here, but 
in our advertising columns. ] 
extensively ; but гаў grent nid 
desoribe]; The eost of. phosphates i im. 
lated at 24. per lb. ; and of alkalies at lid. 
AGRICULTURAL CHRIS; f. As to Ше adüllen ns to is 
TURA 4 E [osx tt rs can 
арысты IT adult , or, at any rate, in su 
2. Write an essay oh guano, with vit Terens to de following escape ervati | 
a. Origin of guano. is necessary for the farmer to guard against 
b. Its distribution. ganic, or mineral adulterat 
Relative valus of diront | arpani chalk genie вагі, and, cage 
ra nire mies rimo. easily be detected. | 
