698 — THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 
e has appeared on 172. For the most part those substances which are |in the e early part of the PAAA, - 
Кен. of SOS С ud m ete Mea hurtful, even in small quantities, to animal life, up by the рр, of laterals nor i 
s.n Р " ius so to Mia ur Mineral poisons "aid, eit ummer, contribut s grea айу, 
tent фасон as arsenic, copper, opium, hydrocyanie acid, к ич. pruning, which e "hereby n rédu 
с бә, р idly den Age: to. most vegetables ; but | ening ing s 
endure 
fn 
dei мү n à itle smattering of knowledge nce, i ed "developed in arsenious acid, | winter pruning. This method is mo 
on the subjects with whic e rashly intermeddles ; : specimens of н were kindly sent me by Dr. сабе to T trees which have поё | 
he may possibly be a tolerable microscopist, and | Pereira, and eurious m ould, Periconia . thebaica | tends to bring them into a pi i 
may perchance have some slight skill at manipula- | flourishes nd fructifies on opium," hough -a con- | second or prose uem of sap en, Me dd 
tion, though this in all probability is more credit | centrated solution of ,bark is fatal. to. most vege- | possesses Sufficie t powers np vegetation to. 
he deserves, Allowing such to be the case, а tables, there is а peculiar fungus, or rather & peculiar | wounds which ud been made upon it, 
in U brethren of the lens,' state of some fungus, the perfect. form of which is м vigorous LAT ays suffer from even the most m 
s | present Е which luxuriates upon the wood of | winte er pru ning, Р 
its. o unti nd injudieious 
nothing ac his microscope. ы evene » a. The power which the spawn or, myceline of | attributed yo ed of tre NM may te pa 
en to particulars, he shows that he һаѕ по), ор fungi has. of resisting. poisons. may, however, | andTsufficien Чу vigorous to bear fruit ; M P. 
jon n of tbe commonest m atters ; he uses the possibly be explicable by a curious fact recorded by Dr. | eause may be equally attributed the po- oy 
term analogous where he me eans to speak of affinity, | Harvey in the “ Nereis, Boreali-Americana," on the | when setting in spring. From ihese cons OMAI 
he calls th authority of Prof. Bache. A slender production of this |in consequence oF a series of experiments made m 
the Teproductive bodies s themselves, confounds fungi пее infests the vats containing sulphate of copper, several years, I believe that it would be more айы 
learn- h are kept in DA electrotyping department of the | tageous to shorten the leading shoots of руп | 
ing to prove > that. "m. pc pt ung float about in the | он, Survey Office, at Washington, in which it decom- | trees between the 15th and 25th of Septe 
air—a fact which th est observer must have po ses the salt, and dst уд the sulphurie acid, rejesi- during or pihy winter. T 
n convinced of a BERAE D po ed а ever had а | ing the copper, ph is Repon sited round its thre reads in a 1 Six years ago І commenced t experimen ; 
mouldy stalk in his band;.or tas linda the explosion metallie "s. de xus mes appears in great quantities | wild Pear trees, which had been e with th ia 
of а common dunghill Peziza And, after all, what ki із very t It is now Pv, Mer ertained that | ow inin E di and improved varieties of frui 
does the whole of his prosy twa ddling ашкы to1|€ won action pe takes place where endosmo terw vd s = som e young t 
—1to nothing more than this “ because ne == and жп. acan, apd itis s probably am EO RM ed the теш 
cente 4 кышу. ү this that the copper is not крой, which | of these experiments, І remarked that there: 
which produce ce disease in plants, would otherwise be destructive. The e principle of the sap into the twigs, spurs, stem, аш ; 
[eere it which. are на by plait" ssa may apply in the case of other dio pe Mim and | branches of the trees, The whole tree thus 
Ф 
| 
| 
| 
| 
"j 
еа 
| 
hi ) » а re ; 
e, i which in Broad plants in general may have in the Meton of their | {һе cold of winter. Тһе roots, in direc i 
disease in man. E d Ke een s beiter quali&ed for|nutriment; this is, however, far smaller than in the | with the branches, increase ва i m н 
giving an ‚РИО he would have known that many | case of such fungi as Penieillium and I and | when vegetation ceases and the elaborated.sa 
a disease in.man is really. the pr ud of fungi;|it may be. added of marine Algæ, which *effect| which it continues to do till the wi nter s 
Lei А ‹ у ыы ases тау be inoculated by. their —— — which the chemist can ii tb ani emission of fres 
reproductivo -bodies; and that, in the. disease so | РУ the agency of the most powerful apparatus." They formation of fruit 
produced; the. same. fungus will constantly re- Ра yon o reverse the order of Aan affinity; | and consistence for ve g with gre 
Ene there is not the slightest «рте: driving out the stronger acid from the salts which |in the T E 79р. But, it should. 
^" imbi i 1 w ts, in the 
Tor Ие: В they imbibe, and caus weaker acid to uni th | stood, аё al 
m cholera, much Tess that one particolar: эрес Uie basa., us they decompose the muriate of soda | айн winter, tend to pr 
› particuiar Spe- | which they absorb from sea water, partly freeing and | experiments which have 
cies t, uniformly `its а t; e Y appropriating е і иба апі Lun andthe|great number of seedling Pear 
g 
da is. fo und combined i in their tissues with carbonic | pyramids, of 4, 5, or more 
convi me 
from drains, he w у 
in examining such places, to see whether they really Ms. ‚It is. curious, too, that ansesthetic genit and | pruning in our cold and 
exist there, even at the risk of inhaling inen animat, poisons act more or less powerfully upon plan In order that this method. ma 
erous enemies as Le supposes them, than тів» | as they do on animals, Jaeger has sape called уны àmateuf who may wi 
ing р intoa- 'eath | in Ed ери to two treatises, the one by Dr. Saiar details will be necessary. si 
of:air they inhale, or-every mouthful of food they | о Albany, U.S., on. the influence of the poison.of the | trées are to be planted with the 
take, they« аге absorbing: death, That: he- ma northern rattlesnake, and the other by Leclerc с, on. the trained as pyramids, it is ad 
suceecd i in catebinga ve беу porte by арраи | effect of anæsthetic Agent s on plants, Ebo. goson of | have Беёп worked 2 or 3 yea 
а rattlesnake was inserted with a нана in th camanan well furnished with fibrous ro 
S Trade rule: E оте Асе rire zh di res d of | Lilac, Торе Chesnut, Maize, Sunflower, &e., er the | trees or stocks i | 
at е YY IAS, 1 etecting | inner b ark. he upper leaves faded, donde E plants | They ought to possess goo 
e reproductive bodies of ано? but that he coil TI h all th fibr but 
did ie ii Hl b vina tos ; ү, ultimately г 1e effect. was. extremely slow, | up wit M E eir fibres, u^ 
теоре ШЕ se spores belonged, | not being able tin 'after the [A of four days... The | ör branches ; then ji 
except. Ша! [їч AN ЕШ КАРАН effect i СЙ in fact, analogous to that; which; is; produced.by | deep soil, E^ b int E ot " № 
esp. хат ар A Edi Ibes—and | the. sam Е рор when. placed. in contact with the inner | till the first fortnight of March, if t 
axe. know species with. true; pads pei sonos surfac the mucous.. membrane „of „the intestines, | moist. the na m on 
spores wbich. du far smaller: dimensions—we по А Быз Plant placed by..Leclere jin. а bell-glass | stock, are De ted in November, 
miore.believe,.'after the. нае baf: atbleastsa | and, subjected to. ће fumes, of ether, іп 10 or.15 | Баск t тру o ind of thé following 
Pon iren rir дг mens that Mrrenun HD en expanded all its leaves, which, had quite 056 | of tre j 
eould the spores belon their „sensitiyeness. The. heaviest blow, acids, | fire, | left entire атоодон 
in the soi V whieh e кеен to have td ad and, extensive mutilation, did доё induce. .the..Jeast | pruned till the following March is; " 
а 
ý ose, “piy мыйы motion ; and, when а leaf. was cut it produced. not. the атте ауаз ma 
CEU Mes зед Mel ene A slightest effect on the rest of the plant, .. When removed | This pruning com 
enóügh Vc Атту from the influence оѓ the ether, it. seemed g o|tó tlie sixth or seventh bud 
we es Bar Ni bu ан А а асаа ia apples | ia Mast Dad БЗ БНА 
ж ; however, produced death.. After. four | the shoot had been shortene 
ds may. APPORT, interchange information hours the plant had a corpse-like rigidity, and its tem- | The leading shoots of the 
AM. perature was below that of a plant which had not been | fo 5 buds ; and еу sh 
Tui mri - Chloroform was more rapid i где? 
2 7үЕСЕТАВІЕ PATHOLOGY. :No. XXXIX. ее than ether. А single leaf or leaflet ‚шау. Ье | Wide angle with the stem, 109 
170. "The вой fu ыа” 268 E orto in тов, placed under the effect of the ether... Other plants. also | 5 years fróm y bud should appe: 
mu into which the; ры S s {һе grand m / Capitum affected. The stomates of Polypodium emer e : and to such 
arreste 
Е i 
, рд runing, 
the "ursa Lo pheenogams. More or less similar effects have been|situated either on 75 stem Lou 5а z 
üii alike the pirane зу, ENE long since observed on the application of opium ог | and that it is likely to to grow to apes 
and the main nutriment is received, and сап only be hydrocyanie acid, Bruised Laurel yai when placed in pranci. 2 y inclined position; by S by ijs d 
j| "m ou 
y 
contai lintever ШӘП. The destructive effects of bichloride of mercury | side of a branch, as th apt. 
injurious in themselves or in р?н excess, will be туз eaustie potash upon vegetable aud ^ taken advan- | luxuriant, and to produce e nothin at : i 
received into the system, and set up a disease d di „76 | tage of in the Vr ga which are used against dry rot | the bra ха ощ The inclination given t toon à 
in the plant: and inasmu h as eh отет оо ie o guas p salts of copper, arsenic, oo ы ын induces them to form fruit buds їп. опен? =” hat 
ies, and nid: r less A for the same The|years. When one or two late 
within striet limits, it is not only needful” that th "rds of pns upon mildew, especially "e mund. in | growing too vigorously, i 
í il, but th 5 ey | the crude state without моу of lime, is at present | to the branch from whi 
e proportions in which they are үгө быс! imperfectly understood ; it is probable, however, that it | them. down like the -sh 
in the healthy plant. ое acid which js "immediately destructive to the | operation is the checking 9 
171. 1f, for fecu rne den éxcess of ammonia elio ente tissues of the mould. AM. J. B... | Hanh on Ме 
UU EVEHILULGE T: inging 
t for a time, and [ong Ыра И highly | ON THE PRUNING OF PYRAMID ÔR DWARF | State, ue iol 
STAND An PEAR TREE ES, branches Pass however, 
; 4 By f Brosse | та 
Ern in € can sure’ to be . Iw our cold, hold "а ае ariatie eine it is. highly cav On ы yon pe 
вате erop | веле са Уа aai where the important that the Pear tree should suffer r as little ав. sh 
received, in the state of an And, as Phe ан 
the spongelets have but little oven of d whatever |1 injurious to the plante infested by them, all фо фоно TWIN 
tters ma : 
i year а ter and 
ite mere te lr of certain principles whieh are ЁТ o ie e Pai m tar eere ме Ton, we eam лоте expen totem dean 
t the partietilar cro the н ното AE ea Ж in v foit rfe 
Þe р» to | light soils, and at the end of winter where tl x p brought into: а. 
s Ba to yield йо rofitabl e the oy ree р» thus broug 
etin arid this; independent у ‚ profitable | eold a nd moist. uence be. 
gehe denti : Ны will in conseq 
Trhietiniey-be given ont! by: des of x u^ ME. i The removal of all the сь, not required for the dri x vepe or three «v евїз, Y: 
5whipli 7 mayg yji tiai dounder aie mm culture erem ended н during the first low of the sa p жы А will ap , 
aiécumulite in the soil; ГҮЛ *|., * The opium, however, contained | оюу narcotine, having been | quite ose, and thus nasa. wit. i the lower 
clos 
| üised for the preparation of mo orphin fusion which they pliske among 
